Question

11) You and a competing researcher have simultaneously discovered "B researcher have simultaneously discovered a novel protein. Your Udla muilo that the protein is on the cells extra cellular surface. Your competition ells extra cellular surface. Your competitor claims it is located inside the ER lumen. What could be an explanation for these results? What is in explanation for these results? What is one method you could utilize to clarify this? (19 Points!

Answer 1

Protein subcellular localisation prediction would predict the information about where the protein-resides in a cell, its sub cellular localisation which is directly related to its functional activities correspond with their subcellular expression and molecular interactions.
Experimentally determining the subcellular localization of a protein can be time consuming and tedious task. Immunolabeling or tagging (such as with a green fluorescent protein) to view localization using fluorescence microscope are often used. Localisation can be studied efficiently by fluorescence microscopy based techniques or fractionation procedures. Fluorescence imaging are done by using recombinant reporter proteins/ tags or fluorescent dyes or fluorophore labeled molecules (i.e. protein specific antibodies). Fusion protein tags can be detected by antibodies or have functional properties to enable localization. Bioluminescent protein and fluorescent protein labeling systems are such genetically engineered optical imaging tools, with greater specificity at lower concentrations than other methods. With this approach, imaging can be in fixed or living cells, tissues or animals. A very attractive feature of the labeling of fusion proteins is that the labeling itself can be restricted to certain locations of a cell. Such discrimination cannot be easily achieved when using bioluminescent proteins. Advances in genetically engineered fluorescence systems and microscopy optic machinery, have made imaging a best method for protein localization.