Question

What is the specific research design employed in your chosen research paper? Be specific (e.g., simply saying non-experimental, quasi-experimental, or experimental is not enough)

The Relationship Between State Agencies and Nonprofit Organizations Introduction

The relationship between government agencies and nonprofit organizations is the focus of increasing attention within the public administration community. Practitioners recognize that the organization of public services relies to a substantial degree upon what we have come to call third-party government (Salamon, 1981). Nongovernmental actors not only deliver government-funded services but also actively participate throughout the policy process. Often the third-party is a nonprofit organization. In the last decade or so, researchers from a variety of disciplines have examined this evolutionary development more closely (Kramer, 1981; Salamon and Abramson, 1982; Salamon, 1987; Gronbjerg, 1987; Ostrander, Langton, and Van Til, 1987; Lipsky and Smith, 1989-90; Wolch, 1990; Provan and Milward, 1990). A 1989 National Academy of Public Administration report, Privatization: The Challenge to Public Management, urged that public administrators and policymakers in general acknowledge the significant management challenges posed by government programs that involve such "tools of government action" as contracting out, loan guarantees, government sponsored enterprises, and vouchers (Salamon, 1989b). Within this context of extensive sharing of responsibility between governmental and nongovernmental actors for operating public programs, the government/nonprofit relationship is widely acknowledged as a critical element. The shrinking capacity of public organizations, increasing demand for services, and continuing trend toward decentralized program delivery underscore its importance. At the same time, an understanding of the precise character of the state/voluntary sector relationship and the degree of interdependence between public agencies and nonprofit organizations requires additional empirical investigation. Research findings reported here describe that relationship in terms of the dependence of public agencies and nonprofit organizations on each other for resources and their resulting interdependence. The framework laid out in this study emerged from a synthesis of three sources: (1) the perspectives of organization theory, especially power/dependence and resource dependence, and bureaucratic politics; (2) a series of exploratory model refinement interviews with four public-sector and five nonprofit- sector participants in an earlier policy study (Dawes and Saidel, 1988); and (3) a field pretest in June-July 1989, with 20 state agency and 20 nonprofit administrators from four service areas.

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