Determine the membrane integrity, use PI combine FACS flow cytometer or use ATP measurements, which method...
Determine the membrane integrity, use PI combine FACS flow cytometer or use ATP measurements, which method is better? why??
Homework Answers
Propidium iodide (PI) is the most frequently used fluorescence indicator for cell viability based on the membrane permeability. It is commonly used because it can cross compromised bacterial membranes and is therefore considered to be an indicator of membrane integrity. It stains both DNA and RNA inside of dead cells or any damaged membranes. To find the cell viability, PI stain is usually coupled with a universal stain that crosses intact membranes and stains the DNA and RNA of all cells, thereby enabling to obtain total cell counts.
Inhibition of ATP synthesis resulted in loss of membrane integrity and thereby increased production of reactive oxygen species. ATP can be measured by fluorimeter or can be measured by HPLC. It is very expensive.
Propidium iodide is better than ATP measurements.
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Determine the membrane integrity, use PI combine FACS flow
cytometer or use ATP measurements, which method...
4. Prokaryotic organisms do not have membrane-bound organelles. However, they are able to make ATP and...
4. Prokaryotic organisms do not have membrane-bound organelles. However, they are able to make ATP and survive. a. Assuming that bacteria cannot use their membranes to make ATP, which process can they still use in order to generate ATP? (2 points) b. Why can they perform this process even though they lack membrane-bound organelles? (2 points)
1) What can you use fluorescence lifetime (FLIM) measurements for and what is the advantage compare...
1) What can you use fluorescence lifetime (FLIM) measurements for and what is the advantage compare with fluorescence intensity measurements? I have difficult to understand why FLIM is a better technique than fluorescence intensity? by better I mean the advantage FLIM have comparing to fluorescence intensity method? They say its better because FLIM is indenpendent of change in fluorescence intensity, and fluorophore concentration. But in FLIM measurement we measure the intensity of flourophore versus time? just like the fluorescence intensity...
Since AMP can also be hydrolyzed to release energy, why do cells bother to use ATP...
Since AMP can also be hydrolyzed to release energy, why do cells bother to use ATP (which requires the cell to have more phosphate) to power cellular reactions? Question 1 options: a. ATP fits better into enzymes. b. ATP hydrolysis releases more energy than AMP hydrolysis. c. ATP stores for a longer time than AMP. d. Cells have more than enough phosphate, and it serves few roles anyway.
1. Experimental aerodynamicists rely on accurate measurements of flow velocities. One method to o...
1. Experimental aerodynamicists rely on accurate measurements of flow velocities. One method to optically measure velocity is particle image velocimetry (PIV). How does PIV work and what is needed for the technique? 2. On the north pole of Saturn, a hexagonal flow pattern exists. How do scientists explain this phenomenon? 3. Unfortunately, in ME 441 we do not have much time to focus on helicopter dynamics which have entirely different performance metrics than fixed wing aircraft. For example, helicopters can...
a. IAS 7 would prefer enterprises to use the direct method of presenting cash flow statement....
a. IAS 7 would prefer enterprises to use the direct method of presenting cash flow statement. However, almost all enterprises use the indirect method of presentation. Why do the accounting standard and most companies appear to differ on this issue? b. Cash flow statements are valuable source of information. However, there are certain important non-cash transactions that may occur during the year which will not be reported in a cash flow statement. Give any four (4) of such transactions.
1. Recursive Least Square Consider the measurements of the output of a system which model is give...
1. Recursive Least Square Consider the measurements of the output of a system which model is given by (t)-at are as follows t (s) 1 2 3 a) Give an estimate for à based on the row data given in the table above by using the simple Least Square method. Use the simplified recursi method, built upon the measurements from t = 18, , 3s. In particular, calculate h4 ,R1 = HİH, and Q4 = HD4. Then compute ànew for...
Use the method of Virtual Work and Determine he horizontal displacement of point A on the...
Use the method of Virtual
Work and Determine he
horizontal displacement of
point A on the angle bracket
due to the concentrated
force P. The bracket is fixed
connected to its support. EI is
constant. Consider only the
effect of bending.
L B C L PI A
Gauss-Seidel method is used for solving simultaneous equations in load flow studies. Determine Vi and V2 by solving the following two equations. Use Gauss-Seidel method and stop after the Sth iterati...
Gauss-Seidel method is used for solving simultaneous equations in load flow studies. Determine Vi and V2 by solving the following two equations. Use Gauss-Seidel method and stop after the Sth iteration if you think the solution is leading to convergence. Take the initial values as Vi- V2-0. 3V1-2V,-1.5
Gauss-Seidel method is used for solving simultaneous equations in load flow studies. Determine Vi and V2 by solving the following two equations. Use Gauss-Seidel method and stop after the Sth iteration if...
2. For the following molecules, which method would you use to separate them? Gel filtration chromatography...
2. For the following molecules, which method would you use to separate them? Gel filtration chromatography or Ion-exchange chromatography? A) Glucose oxidase (M.W. 160 kDa, pI 4.8) and lactate dehydrogeanse ( M.W. 140 kDa, pI 8.0) B) Glucose Oxidase ( M.W. 160 kDa, pI 4.8) and beta galactosidase (M.W. 500 kDa, pI 4.5)
which method is better, standard costing or normal costing? Why? if ABC is so accurate and...
which method is better, standard costing or normal costing? Why? if ABC is so accurate and important to firms, why does GAAP prohibit it's use in the preparation of the firms financial reports?
4. Prokaryotic organisms do not have membrane-bound organelles. However, they are able to make ATP and survive. a. Assuming that bacteria cannot use their membranes to make ATP, which process can they still use in order to generate ATP? (2 points) b. Why can they perform this process even though they lack membrane-bound organelles? (2 points)
1. Recursive Least Square Consider the measurements of the output of a system which model is given by (t)-at are as follows t (s) 1 2 3 a) Give an estimate for à based on the row data given in the table above by using the simple Least Square method. Use the simplified recursi method, built upon the measurements from t = 18, , 3s. In particular, calculate h4 ,R1 = HİH, and Q4 = HD4. Then compute ànew for...
Use the method of Virtual
Work and Determine he
horizontal displacement of
point A on the angle bracket
due to the concentrated
force P. The bracket is fixed
connected to its support. EI is
constant. Consider only the
effect of bending.
L B C L PI A
Gauss-Seidel method is used for solving simultaneous equations in load flow studies. Determine Vi and V2 by solving the following two equations. Use Gauss-Seidel method and stop after the Sth iteration if you think the solution is leading to convergence. Take the initial values as Vi- V2-0. 3V1-2V,-1.5
Gauss-Seidel method is used for solving simultaneous equations in load flow studies. Determine Vi and V2 by solving the following two equations. Use Gauss-Seidel method and stop after the Sth iteration if...
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