Question

Hi This is a question related to advance manufacturing.

What are the typical physical quantities under control in manufacturing automation?

Answer 1

Types of Automation process with examples

computerized creation programs can be categorised into three common types:

constant automation,
Programmable automation, and
bendy automation.
Constant Automation examples

constant AUTOMATION
it is a process in which the sequence of processing (or meeting) operations is constant through the gear configuration. The operations within the sequence are commonly simple. It is the integration and coordination of many such operations into one piece of apparatus that makes the procedure elaborate. The average facets of fixed automation are:

excessive initial funding for customized Engineered apparatus;
high production charges; and
moderately rigid in accommodating product alterations.
The monetary justification for fixed automation is determined in products with very excessive demand rates and volumes. The excessive initial cost of the gear will also be spread over an awfully big number of units, hence making the unit fee attractive in comparison with alternative methods of creation. Examples of fixed automation include mechanized meeting and machining transfer strains.

PROGRAMMABLE AUTOMATION
on this the production gear is designed with the capacity to vary the sequence of operations to accommodate one of a kind product configurations. The operation sequence is managed by way of a application, which is a set of recommendations coded so that the procedure can learn and interpret them. New packages will also be all set and entered into the apparatus to produce new products. One of the aspects that symbolize programmable automation are:

high funding on the whole-purpose apparatus;
Low construction premiums relative to fixed automation;
Flexibility to deal with alterations in product configuration; and
Most compatible for batch creation.
Automated creation systems which can be programmable are used in low and medium quantity creation. The parts or merchandise are often made in batches. To provide every new batch of another product, the method have got to be reprogrammed with the set of laptop instructions that correspond to the brand new product. The bodily setup of the laptop have to also be changed over: tools must be loaded, fixtures have to be connected to the desktop table even be converted computing device settings must be entered. This changeover system takes time. Accordingly, the average cycle for given product involves a period for the period of which the setup and reprogramming takes location, adopted by a interval in which the batch is produced. Examples of programmed automation include numerically managed computing device instruments and industrial robots.

Bendy AUTOMATION
it's an extension of programmable automation. A bendy automatic approach is one that is in a position of producing a form of products (or constituents) with nearly no time misplaced for changeovers from one product to the following. There is not any construction time lost at the same time reprogramming the process and altering the physical setup (tooling, fixtures, and computing device environment). As a result, the system can produce quite a lot of combinations and schedules of merchandise instead of requiring that they be made in separate batches. The points of bendy automation can be summarized as follows:

high investment for a custom-engineered process.
Continuous construction of variable combos of products.
Medium construction premiums.
Flexibility to take care of product design editions.
The most important points that distinguish bendy automation from programmable automation are:

the ability to alter part applications without a lost construction time; and
the capability to changeover the bodily setup, once more with no misplaced creation time.
These elements permit the automatic creation procedure to proceed construction with out the downtime between batches that is attribute of programmable automation. Changing the phase programs is typically entire with the aid of getting ready the applications off-line on a computer method and electronically transmitting the programs to the computerized production method. Accordingly, the time required to do the programming for the next job does no longer interrupt produuction on the current job. Advances in computer techniques science are largely accountable for this programming capacity in bendy automation. Altering the bodily setup between materials is complete via making the changeover off-line and then moving it into position at the same time as the subsequent phase comes into position for processing. The use of pallet fixtures that preserve the constituents and switch into role at the office is one way of enforcing this approach. For these approaches to be effective; the variety of parts that can be made on a flexible automated creation approach is commonly more restrained than a process controlled via programmable automation.

The relative positions of the three types of automation for specific construction volumes and product sorts are depicted within the following figure.