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Nitration adding the 1 At the beginning of the reaction we mix HNO, and H,so together, what is the purpose of (5pts) 2 After reaction the melting point of the product is higher than 83 c. From the text book the melting point of the desired compound should be about 78 c. Give me 3 reaso to explain this phenomenon. IThe machine is good) (15pts)
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Answer #1

1. During nitration, conc.112 SO has no role in the reaction. It does not involve chemically in the reaction. It only adjust the water amount which is produced from nitration. If conc.112 SO will not be added then the water can dilute the HNO and can stop the whole reaction. But in the electrophilic substitution reaction for benzene, the conc.112 SO has a big role because of its stronger acidic behavior than HNO which helps to produce NO_2^+ very easily.

The reaction can be written as

HNO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow NO_2^++H_2O+HSO_4^-

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