Question

Define the following terms: database catalog, program-data independence, user view, DBA, end user, canned transaction, deductive database system, persistent object, meta-data, and transaction-processing application.

Answer 1

1. Database Catalog

The database catalog is consists of details about the database. It includes the base tables, number and types of users, indexes, location of data, data element information etc…

2. Program Data Independence

Program-data independence is the ability of leaving information flawless and open paying little mind to changes to the database that contains the information.

3. User View

An user view is a type of view that a community of user can view the data of the database. It varies from user to user. It relate with external schema.

4. DBA

The database always works on the centralized control principle. This concept implies that there will be some identifiable person in the enterprise who

has this central responsibility for the data. This person is known as Database Administrators. It is the technical person responsible for implementing the data administrator’s decision is the Database administrator. The job of DBA is to create the actual database and to implement the technical controls needed to enforce the various policy decisions made by the database administrators. The DBA is also responsible for ensuring that the system operates with adequate performance and for providing a varity of other technical services.

5. End User

End users are the people whose jobs require to access the database for querying, updating and generating reports ; the database primarily exists for their use .

Different types of end-users are

a. Naive or parametric end users make up asizable portion of database end users.Their main job revolves around constantly querying and updating the database.

b. Sophisticated end users includes scientists, engineers, business analysts and others who throughly familiarize themeselves with the facilities of the DBMS so as to implement their implement their applications to meet their complex requirements.

c. Stand alone end users maintain personal databases by using ready-made program packages that provide easy to use menu based or graphics based interfaces.

d. Casual Endusers occasionally access the database, but they nay need different information each time.They use sophisticated database query language to specify their requestss and are typically middle or high level managers or other occasional browsers.

6. Canned Transactions

These transactions are generally queried by neive or parametric end users. These are a type of queries through which a neive end user can update the database. These are easily understandable.

          Example: Checking of balance after performing of deposit or withdrawal.

7. Deductive Database

These data base systems combines the programming logics with relational database management systems. These are defined by a set of rules. By using the language Datalog we can define the rules for these database systems.

8. Persistent Object

These objects are being pointed to a specific location of federated database. During the process of transaction when ever user will apply commit with the transactions with the persistent object the changed data having the persistent object will be saved in the database.

9. Metadata

Metadata is the data about data. It describes all information about other data. Metadata can be developed manually or automatically.

10. Transaction Processing Application

Any change to a database is known as transaction processing. In simplest way we can define the transaction processing applications as a set of interrelated tasks and processes that can be finally combined to make change in a system.