Question

1. Identify the names of the run scripts that are executed in run level 1 when the system starts up [hint: These scripts begin with ‘S’].

2. Identify the names of the scripts that are executed in run level 5 when the system is going down [hint: These scripts begin with ‘K’].

3. What is the default run-level on the cs.franklin.edu machine (answer is in the /etc/inittab file)?

4. What command does the cs.franklin.edu machine execute during a detected power-failure (see /etc/inittab file)?

etc/inittab file:

# inittab is only used by upstart for the default runlevel. # ADDING OTHER CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM. # System initialization is started by /etc/init/rcs.conf # Individual runlevels are started by /etc/init/rc.conf # Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf # Terminal gettys are handled by /etc/init/tty.conf and /etc/init/serial.conf, # with configuration in /etc/sysconfig/init. # For information on how to write upstart event handlers, or how # upstart works, see init (5), init(8), and initctl (8). # Default runlevel. The runlevels used are: # 0 – halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this # 1 - Single user mode # 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking) # 3 - Full multiuser mode # 4 - unused # 5 - X11 6 - reboot (DO NOT set initdefault to this) id:3:initdefault: ########################################################## # The following is used in previous version of RHEL # DO NOT ENABLE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ############################################################################## # System initialization. #si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit #10:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 0 #11:1:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc i #12:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2 #13:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3 #14:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4. #15:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5 #16:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6 # Trap CTRL-ALT-DELETE #ca:: ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3-r now # When our UPS tells us power has failed, assume we have a few minutes # of power left. Schedule a shutdown for 2 minutes from now. # This does, of course, assume you have powe. e you have powerd installed and your # UPS connected and working correctly. #pf::powerfail:/sbin/shutdown -f -h +2 "Power Failure; System Shutting Down" # If power was restored before the shutdown kicked in, cancel it. #pr:12345:powerokwait:/sbin/shutdown -c "Power Restored; Shutdown Cancelled" # Run gettys in standard runlevels #1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingettyttyl #2:2345: respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2 #3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3 #*#4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty ###5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5 ###6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6

5. Identify the names of the scripts that are executed in run level 1 when the system is going down [hint: These scripts begin with ‘K’].

6. What is the default run-level in Knoppix?

Answer 1

Solutions:

1. Identify the names of the run scripts that are executed in run level 1 when the system starts up [hint: These scripts begin with ‘S’].

Ans: For run level 1 , all the files starting with S , present in /etc/rc1.d/ directory , are executed at system start up.

Run following command in your system. Different distributions of Linux may have different files :

ls -l /etc/rc1.d/S*

for example, in my system following files are there:

/etc/rc1.d/S01killprocs

/etc/rc1.d/S02single

Output:

$ ls -l /etc/rc1.d/S*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/S01killprocs -> ../init.d/killprocs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/S02single -> ../init.d/single

2. Identify the names of the scripts that are executed in run level 5 when the system is going down [hint: These scripts begin with ‘K’].

Ans:

For run level 5 , all the files starting with K , present in /etc/rc5.d/ directory , are executed at system shutting down.

Run following command in your system. Different distributions of Linux may have different files :

ls -l /etc/rc5.d/K*

3. What is the default run-level on the cs.franklin.edu machine (answer is in the /etc/inittab file)?

Ans : As per the given inittab file , the default run level on the cs.franklin.edu machine is 3.

Check the line in given file : id:3:initdefault: ( here 3 stands for the runlevel)

4. What command does the cs.franklin.edu machine execute during a detected power-failure (see /etc/inittab file)?

Ans : As per the given inittab file, following command is executed during a detected power-failure:

/sbin/shutdown -f -h +2 "Power Failure; System Shutting Down"

hint : check the comment above given command in the given inittab file. In case of detected failure, it gives instrction to server to shutdown for 2 minutes from now.

5. Identify the names of the scripts that are executed in run level 1 when the system is going down [hint: These scripts begin with ‘K’].

Ans :

For run level 1 , all the files starting with K , present in /etc/rc1.d/ directory , are executed at system shut down.

Run following command in your system. Different distributions of Linux may have different files :

ls -l /etc/rc1.d/K*

for example, in my system following files are there:

$ ls -l /etc/rc1.d/K*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01alsa-utils -> ../init.d/alsa-utils
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01cups -> ../init.d/cups
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01cups-browsed -> ../init.d/cups-browsed
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01irqbalance -> ../init.d/irqbalance
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01kerneloops -> ../init.d/kerneloops
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01lightdm -> ../init.d/lightdm
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jan 29 14:48 /etc/rc1.d/K01mysql -> ../init.d/mysql
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Jan 16 00:32 /etc/rc1.d/K01postgresql -> ../init.d/postgresql
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01saned -> ../init.d/saned
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01speech-dispatcher -> ../init.d/speech-dispatcher
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01thermald -> ../init.d/thermald
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01ufw -> ../init.d/ufw
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01uuidd -> ../init.d/uuidd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K01whoopsie -> ../init.d/whoopsie
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K02avahi-daemon -> ../init.d/avahi-daemon
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Aug 15 2017 /etc/rc1.d/K04rsyslog -> ../init.d/rsyslog

6. What is the default run-level in Knoppix?

Ans : The default run level in Knoppix can be found in /etc/inittab file.

The default is set 2 in knoppix .

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