Question

Since many school districts are facing budget cuts, establishing the effectiveness of programs is important to determining funding. One school district's administrators wanted to know if preschool programs affected the way that children performed later in mathematics. The administrators took a random sample of 100 eight graders and compared the mathematics achievement levels of those who attended pre-school to those who did not. (Results below)

Results:

	Below Grade Level	At grade level	Advanced
Pre-School	15	13	12
No Pre-School	12	30	18

a. If mathematics achievement is independent of pre-school attendance, what should the proportions be for each cell?
b. Perform a Chi-Square analysis on the observations in Table 15.8 (Hint: calculate tables for the expected frequencies and the observed minus expected frequencies) to determine if there is no association between attending preschool and mathematics achievement.

Answer 1

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