Question

Suppose you want to test the claim that the true mean number of children a woman thinks a family should have is more than 2. You take a random sample of 100 women and find a sample mean of 2.5. Suppose the p-value for this test is 0.03. Which of the following is the best interpretation of this p-value? a. There is a 3% chance of selecting a sample with a sample mean of 2.5 or less. b. If the true mean number of children a woman thinks a family should have is 2, there is a 3% chance of selecting a sample with a sample mean of 2.5 or more. c. If the true mean number of children a woman thinks a family should have is 2, there is a 3% chance of selecting a sample with a sample mean of 2.5. d. There is a 3% chance of selecting a sample with a sample mean of 2.5 or more. e. If the true mean number of children a woman thinks a family should have is 2, there is a 3% chance of selecting a sample with a sample mean of 2.5 or less.

Answer 1

The answer is Option B.

b. If the true mean number of children a woman thinks a family should have is 2, there is a 3% chance of selecting a sample with a sample mean of 2.5 or more.

The P-value is the probability of finding more extreme results when the null hypothesis is true. Here the more extreme results is finding the sample mean of 2.5 or more. Hence option b is correct.

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