Question

QUESTION 3 (15 MARKS) Energy consumption & management in a chemical plant are very important as it plays major role in cost estimation in the plant. As R&D executive engineer in palm oil mill, discuss the energy consumption & management in palm oil mill in Malaysia Provide the source/references for each answer

Answer 1

Page No R Palm oil R It is an edible vegetable oil derived from the tree mesocarp of fruit of the oil palms, primaryly the Aft African oil palm elaeis guineensis lesser extent from the American oil palin eleis oleifera f maxipa palm Attala manipa. It hat high saturated fat content, which is horn. ful to cardiovascular heath. it is find that it is not good to health 2 But now recently Palm oil mills Managment by flow Shelt digram as follows; feymentation Biological conversion Anaerobic digation Polyhydroxy- alkanoates De > Formic acid ③ Propanoic acto 6 Acetec acid Butyofc acid Aerobic citric acid Itaconic acid

Thermochemical concesion Pretreatment Pyrolysis - Boil Chemicals solid Biologically y Gasification singas Hydrocarbons oil Chemicals Thermochemicals Biological conversion 2) Sacharification_po organk 3 fermentation acid Bioplastis Treatment chemical physical Enzymatic Nano materials xylose lose § xylooligosaccharides Palm oil in mils togenrate Electricity AY compressor Ligin > Electsfrity Gasifer cyclon Syngas

3 Page No Date Palm plant 8 3 Cellulose & fiber network is so Itis source of Biochemical & its product. hilo? strong Palm oil industry south ashia & Africa, large quantity of biomass wastes. Palm kernel shells are the shell fraction left after the not has been removed after ushing. Palm oi mils 0 Palm oil mills around the world may seize an opportunity to supply elechicity for its surround plantation areas using palm Kennel shells, @ Empty fruit branches & palm oil mill efluent which have been not been fully explofted. Palm plant part of palm plant is usefull. leafs are used to geting crude oil use as fuel Biodisel ② Biodise ; Itis polution free liomlog 2 Good opportunity in thise filed.

4 Page No Date Palm oil consumption :- D Energy consumption in the form of electricity > The average electricity & steam consumption per unit of raw material calculated for six Electricity consumption 1 cpo process k h / raw material Refinary 4 Refinary Fractionation-1 fractionation - ko process 55.oo 23.00 34.00 15.30 5 20.00 Refrances office of Agriculteral Economics COAE) at http // kk hl 2. one.go.th , 200g Deparment of Industrial work (DIK Available http // www.diw.go.th. 2oog.