Question

2. Identify the three elements of Lean, and explain how they work together.

5. Describe three recent situations in which you were directly affected by poor product or service quality.

6. Discuss the key differences between common and assignable causes of variation. Give examples.

You may use personal or business examples while addressing these questions.

Please explain your answer in great detail. Thank you!

Answer 1

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Identify the three elements of Lean, and explain how they work together.

The Three Elements of Lean are Just in Time (JIT), Total Quality Management (TQM) and Respect for the People.

• Just in Time(JIT) emphasis on the delivery and operation work systems. It comprises of producing the efficiently coordinated system that helps in making possible to produce the exact products desired and deliver the right raw material in right quantities whenever they are required for just in time.
• The Second Element- Total Quality Management (TQM) is the process to improve the quality of the product by eliminating the wastes like the any inferior element, defects etc. TQM depends upon the two principles that are continuous Improvement and Customer Satisfaction. Quality is used in all the levels and the functions of the organization like the Whole Supply Chain is designed to provide the Best quality product which is expected by your Customer.
• Respect for the People can't be done without entering or participating in the organization. If You give respect to your employees and the appreciation for their well-performance in the work, then the employee will also be motivated to work with you.

These three elements work together because these three elements use in every production process of organization. JIT helps to do the exact delivery of raw materials at just in time. After this, with the help of TQM, management improves the quality of the product made from that raw materials and the respect for the peoples are for those employees who are helping in manufacturing, finishing the raw material to the finished goods.

Describe three recent situations in which you were directly affected by poor product or service quality.

The following are the situation where I suffer poor product and service quality

• Situation 1: It was a poor service quality issue at a restaurant in the city where we gather for a family party. Everything was superb, the food was awesome but the service we received at the table is pathetic. There is a lot of delay in serving any item and sometimes we got an unusual wait time for some food item. Also, the waiter is not trained enough to be polite when we argue about things.
• Situation 2: It was a product related issue, we purchase a cell phone via online shopping and the product come as damage. So it was a product related issue and which was rectified by the seller and they issue us a new phone
• Situation 3: It was the online shop from where we purchased the phone. It was again related to their service. In spite of seller agree to change the product, this particular online webshop creates lot of hurdles of us in replacing the item

Discuss the key differences between common and assignable causes of variation. Give examples.

Common variations are due to natural variations in the system which are unavoidable and occur perfectly randomly. Such variations might be introduced due to natural variability in the raw material, limitations of the machine or the process or due to limitation of preciseness of human effort. The example is the variation intriduced in a cotton yarn due to inherent characterstics of the raw material where each fibre ( smallest unit of textile raw material) varies minutely from the others, causing natural variation in the yarn produced.

assignable variatons are not natural but can be attributed to a cause, which might be a sudden variation in machine specification, fluctuation in temperature, a broken teeth in the machine gear and so on. Such variations are identified through a distinguishable variaton which has a pattern. Example is of a variation caused in a textile yarn after a defined period of time where a broken machine gear produces sudden jerk, thereby causing creation of slubs ( a small bead of accumulated fibres) distinctly visible after certain length. This type of variation have a definite underlying cause.