Question

Answer all questions in 1-3 sentences, thank you.

Key Terms and Concepts The Hydrologic Cycle (p. 252) 1. Where is most of the world's freshwater located? 2. Explain the role of evaporation in the hydrologic Permanent Ice-The Cryosphere (p. 261) 15. Where is most of the ice in the cryosphere located 16. Distinguish among an ice pack, ice shelf, ice floe, and cycle. . What is the relationship herween transpiration and iceberg. 17. Why does all sea ice consist of freshwater? 18. Describe the characteristics and global distribution of evaporation? 4. Describe the roles of advection and runoff in the permafrost hydrologic cycle Surface Waters (p. 264) 19. Distinguish among a lake, wetlands, a swamp, and a The Oceans (p. 254) S. Is the Pacific Ocean significantly different from othen marsh. Groundwater (p. 269) 20. What is the difference between porosity and oceans? Explain. 6. Why does salinity vary in different parts of the world ocean? 7 Why are the oceans becoming slightly more acidic? permeability? 21. Contrast an aquifer with an aquiclude 22. Briefly define the following terms: groundwater, zone Movement of Ocean Waters (p. 256) S. Why do most oceanic areas experience two high tides of acration, zone of saturation. 23. Explain the concept of a water table. 24. Describe and explain the cause of a cone of depression. 25. Under what circumstances can a confined aquifer and two low tides each day? 9. What is meant by tidal range? 10 Distinguish between flood tide and ebb tide. 11. Describe and explain spring tides and neap tides. 12. What is a tidal bore? 13. What is thermohaline circulation? 14. Explain the global conveyor-belt circulation. develop? 26. What is the piczometric surface? 27. Distinguish between an artesian well and a subartesian well. Key Terms and Concepts 14. Explain the roles of producers, consumers, and The Geographic Approach to the Study of Organisms (p. 280) decomposers in the food chain. 1S. What is the difference between primary consumers 1. Briefly define the following terms: biogeography, biota, flora, fauna. 2. What is meant by biodiversity? and secondary consumers? 16. Explain the concept of trophic levels in a food pyranid Biological Factors and Natural Distributions 292) 17. Describe one mechanism through which plant seeds Biogeochemical Cycles (p. 281) 3. What is a biogeochemical cycle? 4. What is the primary source of energy for the biosphere? 5. Describe and explain the process of photosynthesis 6. Describe and explain the process of plant respiration. 7. What is meant by net primary productivity? 8. What is the relationship of biomass to net primary can be dispersed over great distances. 18. What is an endemie species? 19. Explain the concept of plant succession. 20. Explain the concept of climax vegetation. productivity? 9. Describe the basic steps in the carbon cycle. 10. Why is it difficult to integrate nitrogen gas from the Environmental Factors (p. 297) 21. What is meant by the term limiting factor? 22. Explain how both photosynthesis and photoperiodum are dependent on sunlight. atmosphere into the nitrogen cycle of the biosphere? 11. Explain the differences between nitrogen fixation and 23. What is meant by edaphic factorsi? 24. What are the beneficial effects of wildfire? denitrification. 12. Briefly describe some of the components of the oxygenEnvironmental Correlations (p. 302) cycle. Food Chains (p. 289) 13. What is the relationship of a food chain to a food 25. Describe the general environmental conditions associated with tropical rainforest locations. pyramid? Key Terms and Concepts Ecosystems and Biomes (o 308) rast and explain the concepts of ecosystem and 19. What are the advantages of animals that are endotherms? 20. Distinguish among the three ways (physiological, biome. 2. What is an ecotone? behavioral, reproductive) animals adapt to the environment. 21. What is meant by symbiosis 22. Distinguish between mutualism and parasitism. Terrestrial Flora (p. 309) s. What is the difference between a perennial and an 4. Esxplain the difference between a gymnosperm 5. Explain the difference between a deciduous tree and annual plant? Zoogeographic Regions (p. 321) (conifer) and an angiosperm. Name trees that are examples of each. 23. Explain the concept of zoogeographic regions. The Major Biomes (p. 323) an evergreen tree. Name trees that are examples of 24. What climate characteristics are most closely h. needleleaf tree. Name trees that are examples of each plants. plants. and shrublands? grasslands savanna, prairie, and steppe? cac associated with the tropical rainforest biome? 6. Explain the difference between a broadleaf 7. Describe some typical xerophytic adaptations of S. Describe some typical hygrophytic adaptations of 9. What are the differences among forests, woodlands, 10. What are the similarities and differences among the 11. Briefly describe the desert, tundra, and wetlands plant 12. Explain what is meant by vertical zonation of 13. Define and explain what causes the treeline. tree and a 25. Contrast the general characteristics of the tropical rainforest, tropical deciduous forest, and tropical 26. Describe the seasonal patterns of the tropical savanna 27. Describe and explain the global distribution of the 28. Discuss the general climate characteristics and types scrub biomes. biome. desert biome of vegetation associated with the mediterranean woodland and shrub biome 29. What are the general differences in climate associated associations with the tropical savanna and midlatitude grassland biomes? 30. What are the general differences in climate associated vegetation patterns with the midlatitude deciduous forest and borcal t is the difference between an adret slope and a ubac slope? How and why is vegetation likely to be forest biomes 31. Contrast the general species diversity in the tropical raimforest and boreal forest biomes different on an adret slope and a ubac slope? 32. Describe the general vegetation cover found in the 15. What is riparian vegetation? Terrestrial Fauna (p. 314) tundra biome. Human Modification of the 33. What is an exotic species? An invasive species? Biosphere (p 333) hat are some hasic characteristics that distinguish plants from animals? Contrast invertebrates with vertebrates. Provide one esample of each. Describe the distinguishing characteristics of 17 34. What is a feral animal population? Provide an example

Answer 1

Hydrological cycle

1 Almost 68 per cent freshwater is in icecaps and glaciers,30 percent in groundwater and 0.3 percent are surface freshwater like revers lakes etc.

2 The water(liquid) changes to gas or vapour due to process of evaporation.It is the pathway water moves from its liquid state back into water cycle in the form of atmospheric water vapour.

3 Evaporation is process in which water changes to liquid into gas or vapour while in transpiration water is lost through stomata( it is microscopic pores in leaves) in both the cases water is transformed to atmosphere.

4- Without advection water which is evaporated over ocean would not perciptate on land.

Runoff keeps river and lakes etc full of water and by its action of erosion it changes landscape as well.