Question

Shine any laser source over the restom Question 24 (1 point) A FREDDY Nd:Yag laser is used to smash calculi in lithotripsy. What principle is used during this type of surgery with this particular laser during this procedure? Luminescence Ultrasonic wave shattering Thermal absorption Shock-waves (assisted by a plasma) Absorption of water present in the duct 13 Question 25 (1 point) Five groups of three lasers are listed below. Which group is listing three lasers that can be used to treat port-wine stains? Argon (1 - 515 nm), Argon ( 2 = 488nm), Nd:Yag

Answer 1

Ans.) The principle used is shock-waves (assisted by a plasma). Initial absorption of laser energy by the calculus surface produces a sufficient density of localized vapour to absorb strongly laser energy. The subsequent ionization of the vapour by the further absorption of laser energy leads to plasma formation. The transient expansion of the plasma imparts an impulse on stone and induces a sharp shock leading to the fragmentation of calculi.