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WHAT IS THE ENERGY YIELD FOR pyruvate oxidation ? (SUCH AS ATP, NADH ETC ) NOT...

WHAT IS THE ENERGY YIELD FOR pyruvate oxidation ? (SUCH AS ATP, NADH ETC ) NOT PRODUCTS, WHAT IS THE PATHWAYS ENERGY YIELD? EXPLAIN PLEASE.'

WHAT IS THE ENERGY YIELD FOR citric acid cycle ? (SUCH AS ATP, NADH ETC ) NOT PRODUCTS, WHAT IS THE PATHWAYS ENERGY YIELD? EXPLAIN PLEASE.

WHAT IS THE ENERGY YIELD FOR Fatty acid beta-oxidation ? (SUCH AS ATP, NADH ETC ) NOT PRODUCTS, WHAT IS THE PATHWAYS ENERGY YIELD? EXPLAIN PLEASE.

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Answer #1

a. Pyruvate oxidation
Pyruvate + CoASH + NAD+ -------> Acetyl CoA + CO2 + NADH
Energy yield per Pyruvate = 1 NADH
1 NADH = 2.5 ATP

b. The TCA cycle
Acetyl CoA + 1 ADP + 1 Pi + 1 FAD + 3 NAD+ ------> 2 CO2 + ATP + FADH2 + 3 NADH
Energy yield per Acetyl CoA = 1 ATP, 1 FADH2, and 3 NADH
Total energy = 1+1.5+7.5 = 10 ATP

c. Beta-oxidtaion of fatty acids:
Palmitic acid:
Number of carbon atoms = 16
Number of Acetyl CoA produced = 8
Number of beta-oxidation cycles = 7
Number of NADH produced = 7
Number of FADH2 produced = 7
ATP used for the activation step = -2 ATP

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