Question

12 12 The number next to each intermediate represents the total of C-C and C-H bonds in that molecule. Bocs 12 H-vilprit pileprin Phospho- fructose Kinase HO 5 no diya ovo 12 HOOD 5 90- 00 dhe yo 6 8 Triose Isomerase 1 Cancer cells often have significantly higher metabolic needs than non-cancerous cells. Which of the following mutations will increase a cancerous cell's ability to produce ATP? • Mutation 1 which allows FADH2 at Complex • Mutation 2 - A loss of function mutation at Triose Isomerase (TIM) - See diagram • Mutation 3 - A mutation in the inactivation site or pocket' of Phosphofructose Kinase - See diagram • Mutation 4 - Mutation in the signal sequence region of glucose transporters resulting in decreased affinity between the Signal Recognition Particle and the signal sequence. Select one of the above mutations that would lead to the most improvement in ATP synthesis and explain your answer in 1-2 sentences.

Answer 1

1. Answer: Option 1 is correct
Explanation:
NADH and FADH2 serve as electron donors to the ETC.
NADH donates electrons to complex-I and results in the production of 2.5 ATP.
FADH2 donates electrons to complex-II and results in the production of 1.5 ATP.

If FADH2 can donate electrons to complex-I, a greater amount of ATP can be produced for unregulated cell proliferation in tumor cells.