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Ak-07.Le the effective length of 0.7 Le occurs when a column has Pinned-free end conditions pinned pinned end conditions Ofre

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Effective length of column for diffrent end conditions

fixed-pinned end conditions

P L-Le Ly= 2L Le 0.5L Le = 0.7L Pinned ends K=1 (a) Fixed and free ends K=2 (b) Fixed ends K = 0.5 (c) Pinned and Fixed ends

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