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Experiment 8 Name: Double Replacement Reactions Background: Some reactions have the net effect of causing the cation of cach reactant to trade places, forming a compound with the other anion. These reactions are known as double replacement reactions. In the example below (unbalanced equation), the barium and sodium cations switch places so that barium forms a product with sulfate while sodium forms a product with chloride. Note that the formula of each product is determined by the charges of the ions, NOT by the subscripts in the reactants. ions switch formula of products BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) Na Cl + Ba2+ SO42- NaCl(aq) + BaSO4(s) An equation using the double replacement strategy can be written out to predict if a reaction (a chemical change) will occur. A reaction is predicted to occur if at least one of the potential products is either an insoluble solid (a precipitate), a gas, or a weak or nonclectrolyte. A weak electrolyte is a compound that only partially dissociates into ions (remaining mostly as undissociated molecules) when dissolved while a nonelectrolyte does not dissociate at all, remaining entirely as undissociated molecules when dissolved. The table on page 7 shows the behavior of many combinations of cations and anions in forming potential double replacement products Example 1: The reactants shown below are predicted to react because one of the products formed is an insoluble solid. Notice that the table lists p (precipitate) for barium sulfate double replacement BaCl(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) 2 NaCl(aq) + BaSO4(s) Example 2: The reactants shown below are predicted to react because liquid water, a nonclectrolyte, is a product. It should be noted that the reaction of any acid (a source of Hications) with a compound that contains the hydroxide anion will give a similar double replacement reaction double replacement HBr(aq) + KOH(aq) HOH-HO() + KBr(aq) Example 3: The reactants shown below are predicted to react because one of the products formed is a weak electrolyte. Notice the table lists w (weak electrolyte for acetic acid). HCl(aq) + NaC,H,02(aq) double replacement NaCl(aq) + HC-H302(aq) Example 4: The reactants shown below are predicted to react because one of the products formed is a gas The formation of a gas is an observation of a decomposition reaction. Notice the table lists d (decomposition) for carbonic acid. 1

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tube 1 nag coz + Helci2m) white cloudy Coloneless solution, vamo turtoutes with bubbles. colo willess solution nasan to the touch. 5 2.0 Clear blue solution. 7.0 Non Na₂CO3 + Ball, 8. bi si bomo 9. gelatinous 10. Pagen Testo tube Slowls (aq). Test Formula of Observation quactant Cleau coloneless Solution NOU + 2h(NO3)2 PPt. 2. AgNO3 & HCL (6M) NaOH + HNO3 (6M) cach + H2SO4 (3M) Write crystalline cusou + Nhull. te cinton white ppt. white ppt under cusou + Back blue solution. Na2CO3 + K NO 3 900 coloneless solution. Feltz + NA OH. Brownish Page no. 5. forumular of Double Replacement Products znala (aq) + NaNO₃(aq) (NH4)2804 (99) + Cull, (99) a 2 Na NO 3 (aq) + K₂CO3(aq). luaction a which giver Test tube ce Balanced Chemical equation HNO3 2 (aq) NaOH(aq) + HNO3 (99) → NANOZ (99) + H2Ole) 5 calz(29) + H2 Soulaq) + CaSO4CPOJ+ (PA) & Dag (PAJ HOUS 2Hutag). 129 + (PA) = 12con cusout24)+2NH4C tagja Cucla faq) + (atson Taf (PO) DHS +(99) COD () 7 Na2CO3(aq) + BaCl2 199) + 2Nace(aq+ po) Ind +509) (0925 BaCO3 (P) Coro) SIDE+ 8. Cu sou (aq) + Bacla (99) Basou (P) + EDUH f ?) po2d9 (PA) Reclz (aq) + 3N00H (99) Fe(OH)3(P)2 + 3 Nau(aq) (Polat Page-5 © guestion- Page no us Product. AgNO3 (89)+ HQ (aq) Agu () L+ 4 (o) QUE US = (b) EDOCH 10. K2 503 (99) + 2HBU (99) + H2803 (d) + 2kB4(aq) Page 46 2. @ znB92(aq) + Mg (era Chy Coo), zn (CH3COO)2 (aq) + Mg Br2 lag (aq) HNO3(aq) + NHYOH(d) TOON NH4NO3 (49) + H₂O(1) (PA) NOR oti + coolalo © Naysoz (aq) + 2KOH(aq) + 2NaOH (aq) + K2603(aq) (Natu)ÇOZ (99)+ 2HCl (19) H2003 (d) + 2NH4Cl (99) (0) 2 noc Polonna + (PO) O DA @ 2kg pOy (99 + 3 ca TQ (aq) → caz(PO4)2 (+)1 + GKI (aq) (۱۰ و 02 الام f) Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + H₂ SOG PbSO4 (P) + 2HNO3(aq) 4.9)=[03.94 Eamon (PSED (99) AgNO3 (99) + Lice (aq) Age (Pjd & LINO3(99) microstonan + Scanned with CamScanner