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Which of the following best describes the mechanism of dosage compensation in humans that ensures that...

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of dosage compensation in humans that ensures that males and females have the same expression levels of X-linked genes?

Expression of both copies of X-linked genes are decreased two-fold in females.

No mechanism is necessary; they naturally have the same expression levels.

Expression of one copy of each X-linked gene is silenced in females.

Expression of X-linked genes are increased two-fold in males.

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Expression of one copy of each X-linked gene is silenced in females.

Explanation: Dosage compensation is the phenomenon by which a single X chromosome of one sex equalizes the expression as do 2 X chromosome in other sex. In human, it is done by inactivation of one X chromosome of females which is evidence in the form of barr body in the female. Normally, female human cell has one bar body but male doesn't has barr body. Hyperactivation of one X chromosome of males occurs Drosophila i. e. expression of X-linked genes of males are increased two-fold. Hypoactivation of two X chromosomes of female occur in Caenorhabditis elegans i. e. expression of both copies of X-linked genes are decreased two-fold in females.

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