Question

5) Distinguish between a hypothesis and a theory. Provided example of a hypothesis, along with operational definition of the variables included in your hypothesis

6) Briefly explain how one neuron sends a message to another.

7) In what ways are hormones and neurotransmitters similar to and different from each other

8) You are crossing the street and see a car coming very fast and you need to get out of the way. Explain the flight or fight response and be as specific as possible in your answer

Thank you!

Answer 1

Answer 5.

Hypothesis is a set of assumptions while theory is an established or proven fact supported by experiments/data.

For example, hypothesis is tiger runs faster than elephant. Without the availibility of speed data, hypothesis can be either true or false.

Now, you have values that tiger runs at a speed of 80 km/h and elpehant runs at 20 km/h. Using the given data, we can validate the hypothesis and then it turns into a "theory" i.e. tiger runs faster than elephant.

Answer 6.

Neurons communicate with each other by sending chemical and electrical signals.

Neurons are the building blocks of brain. A brain contains millions of neuron units which are inter-connected with each other through tiny junctions called “synapses”. Neurotransmitters create impulses which rush along tiny fibres from one neuron to the next resulting in comminication between neurons. Some examples of neurotransmitters are acetylcholine, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, histamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin)

Answer 7.

Hormone	Neurotransmitter
Belong to endocrine system	Belong to nervous system
Controls various system throughout the body such as kidney, brain, reproductive organs, etc	Works particularly for nervous system
Protein, steroids, etc	Include chemicals, protein, gases, etc
Transmitted through blood	Transmitted across synaptic cleft