Why does carboxylic acid have so many derivatives and can be so easily synthetically modified? How...
Why does carboxylic acid have so many derivatives and can be so easily synthetically modified? How are amines important in nature?
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Why does carboxylic acid have so many derivatives and
can be so easily synthetically modified? How...
The reactivity sequence of carboxylic acid derivatives (acyl halides, anhydrides, acids, esters, amides) changes with t...
The reactivity sequence of carboxylic acid derivatives (acyl halides, anhydrides, acids, esters, amides) changes with the substituent. Acyl chlorides are most reactive, amides are least reactive. 1) Explain in detail why the reactivity changes in that sequence, 2) Where do carboxylates fit in that sequence and why? How does that impact on the way carboxylic acid reactions need to run? 3) Where do thioesters, RC(-O)SMe and acyl phosphates, RC(-O)OPO2OR fit in that sequence. Explain your decision
The reactivity sequence of...
Answer the following questions with only one answer a. Carboxylic acid derivatives cannot be hydrolyzed to...
Answer the following questions with only one answer a. Carboxylic acid derivatives cannot be hydrolyzed to produce carboxylic acids b. Lithium aluminum (tri-butoxy)hydride will convert acid chlorides to ketones c. Amides have more resonance stability than esters d. Nitriles are less basic than primary amines e. Grignard reagents contain polar covalent carbon-magnesium bonds f. Anhydrides are more reactive than esters in nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions g. Acid chlorides undergo nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions h. Nitriles have an sp hybridized Nitrogen...
13. The generic resonance structures A and B can be drawn for all carboxylic acid derivatives,...
13. The generic resonance structures A and B can be drawn for all carboxylic acid derivatives, yet their contribution to the overall resonance hybrid differs for the derivatives. Explain why the contribution of resonance structure to the hybrid is: a. Poor for an acid chloride or bromide. b. Greater for an amide than an ester. 14. Listed are frequencies for the carbonyl stretching modes in each molecule's IR spectrum. Explain why one carbonyl absorbs IR at a higher frequency than...
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Part A. Carboxylic Acid Salts 1. Salt Formation Compound...
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Part A. Carboxylic Acid Salts 1. Salt Formation Compound Solvent Solubility Benzoic acid Cold Water Benzoic acid 10% NaOH 2. Salt Hydrolysis Sodium acetate solution changed the color of litmus from to Questions 1. Write an equation that accounts for the solubility of benzoic acid in aqueous base. 2. What would you expect to happen if a solution of sodium benzoate were acidified? Write an equation. 3. Explain how a water-insoluble organic acid...
2. If one were esterifying an expensive alcohol with an expensive carboxylic acid derivative, would it...
2. If one were esterifying an expensive alcohol with an expensive carboxylic acid derivative, would it be wiser to use the acid chloride or acid anhydride reagent? Why? 3. Why is so much NaOH used in the extraction? Recall that only four drops (small amount) of sulfuric acid were used as a catalyst. Esters are an important class of organic molecules, which are formally derived from alcohols and carboxylic acids. Esters occur widely in nature and are often an important...
Please answer all questions. Chapter 21, Practice problems (Carboxylic Acid Derivatives) 1) Amides are less basic...
Please answer all questions.
Chapter 21, Practice problems (Carboxylic Acid Derivatives) 1) Amides are less basic than amines because A) the carbonyl group donates electrons by resonance B) the carbonyl group withdraws electrons by resonance C) the nitrogen does not have a lone pair of electrons D) the nitrogen has a full positive charge E) amides do not contain nitrogen 2) N-Methylacetamide is an example of A) a primary amide B) a secondary amide C) a tertiary amide D) an...
How can you tell you have an aldehyde instead of ketone? or caboxylic acid? How can...
How can you tell you have an aldehyde instead of ketone? or caboxylic acid? How can you distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary amines? How can you distinguish between nitrile (CN) and alkyne? How can you distinguish between aromatic double bond vs non-aromatic double bonds? What's the different between alcohol OH and carboxylic acid OH? What's the different between sp2 CH vs sp3 CH?
show the mechanism Preparing Ketones • Ketones can also be prepared from certain carboxylic acid derivatives...
show the mechanism
Preparing Ketones • Ketones can also be prepared from certain carboxylic acid derivatives H30+ CH3CH2CH2CH2C=CH HgSO4 CH3CH2CH2CH2 CH3 2-Hexanone (78%) 1-Hexyne © 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
2. Explain why broad absorbances are expected for compounds containing alcohol and carboxylic acid functional groups....
2. Explain why broad absorbances are expected for compounds containing alcohol and carboxylic acid functional groups. Draw the hydrogen bonding interaction between two ethanol molecules. 3. Draw a compound with a sterically hindered alcohol functional group. What is the most important and distinctive absorbance expected when assessing an IR of this compound? 5. Can IR spectroscopy easily be used to determine the structure of a molecule? Why or why not?
Why does this reaction become an aldehyde and not a carboxylic acid? Is it because of...
Why does this reaction become an aldehyde and not a carboxylic
acid? Is it because of the pyridine? Thanks.
(b) CH CH CH CH OH N Cro Cl CH CH CH CH
The reactivity sequence of carboxylic acid derivatives (acyl halides, anhydrides, acids, esters, amides) changes with the substituent. Acyl chlorides are most reactive, amides are least reactive. 1) Explain in detail why the reactivity changes in that sequence, 2) Where do carboxylates fit in that sequence and why? How does that impact on the way carboxylic acid reactions need to run? 3) Where do thioesters, RC(-O)SMe and acyl phosphates, RC(-O)OPO2OR fit in that sequence. Explain your decision
The reactivity sequence of...
Answer the following questions with only one answer a. Carboxylic acid derivatives cannot be hydrolyzed to produce carboxylic acids b. Lithium aluminum (tri-butoxy)hydride will convert acid chlorides to ketones c. Amides have more resonance stability than esters d. Nitriles are less basic than primary amines e. Grignard reagents contain polar covalent carbon-magnesium bonds f. Anhydrides are more reactive than esters in nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions g. Acid chlorides undergo nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions h. Nitriles have an sp hybridized Nitrogen...
13. The generic resonance structures A and B can be drawn for all carboxylic acid derivatives, yet their contribution to the overall resonance hybrid differs for the derivatives. Explain why the contribution of resonance structure to the hybrid is: a. Poor for an acid chloride or bromide. b. Greater for an amide than an ester. 14. Listed are frequencies for the carbonyl stretching modes in each molecule's IR spectrum. Explain why one carbonyl absorbs IR at a higher frequency than...
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Part A. Carboxylic Acid Salts 1. Salt Formation Compound Solvent Solubility Benzoic acid Cold Water Benzoic acid 10% NaOH 2. Salt Hydrolysis Sodium acetate solution changed the color of litmus from to Questions 1. Write an equation that accounts for the solubility of benzoic acid in aqueous base. 2. What would you expect to happen if a solution of sodium benzoate were acidified? Write an equation. 3. Explain how a water-insoluble organic acid...
2. If one were esterifying an expensive alcohol with an expensive carboxylic acid derivative, would it be wiser to use the acid chloride or acid anhydride reagent? Why? 3. Why is so much NaOH used in the extraction? Recall that only four drops (small amount) of sulfuric acid were used as a catalyst. Esters are an important class of organic molecules, which are formally derived from alcohols and carboxylic acids. Esters occur widely in nature and are often an important...
Please answer all questions.
Chapter 21, Practice problems (Carboxylic Acid Derivatives) 1) Amides are less basic than amines because A) the carbonyl group donates electrons by resonance B) the carbonyl group withdraws electrons by resonance C) the nitrogen does not have a lone pair of electrons D) the nitrogen has a full positive charge E) amides do not contain nitrogen 2) N-Methylacetamide is an example of A) a primary amide B) a secondary amide C) a tertiary amide D) an...
show the mechanism
Preparing Ketones • Ketones can also be prepared from certain carboxylic acid derivatives H30+ CH3CH2CH2CH2C=CH HgSO4 CH3CH2CH2CH2 CH3 2-Hexanone (78%) 1-Hexyne © 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Why does this reaction become an aldehyde and not a carboxylic
acid? Is it because of the pyridine? Thanks.
(b) CH CH CH CH OH N Cro Cl CH CH CH CH
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