Homework Answers
Extinction and punishment weaken an undesirable behavior. Extinction involves gradual weakening of an acquired response mostly by not reinforcing the response. Punishment, whether positive or negative, is always aimed at reducing the likelihood of a behavior. Positive punishment refers to the presentation of an aversive stimulus every time an undesirable response happens. Negative punishment refers to taking away something desirable every time an undesirable response happens.
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Which forms of consequences weaken an undesirable behavior? Multiple Choice extinction and punishment extinction and negative...
25. In operant conditioning, punishment makes a behavior future, while reinforcement makes the behavior likely to...
25. In operant conditioning, punishment makes a behavior future, while reinforcement makes the behavior likely to occure likely to ocur in the likely to occure in the future A. more; less B. less; more C. less; equally D. equally; less 26. Mandisa always picked up her infant daughter when she screamed because she couldn't have the toy she wanted. As a result, her daughter screams doesn't get her way. In this case, picking up the infant served as a(n) screaming...
Which of the following is the most important consideration in operant conditioning? consequences of actions observation...
Which of the following is the most important consideration in operant conditioning? consequences of actions observation of others' behaviors reflexive behaviors instinctive actions A primary difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning is that in the latter the responses of interest are reflexive learned voluntarily instinctive The primary point that one must understand if they are to grasp the concept of positive and negative operant outcomes is that consequences of actions actually have very little to do with the future...
Which of the following is true of a variable-interval schedule in operant conditioning? Multiple Choice It reinforces t...
Which of the following is true of a variable-interval schedule in operant conditioning? Multiple Choice It reinforces the first behavior after a fixed amount of time has passed. It rewards behaviors an average number of times but on an unpredictable basis. It reinforces a behavior after an inconsistent and unpredictable amount of time has elapsed. It reinforces a behavior after a set number of behaviors. Which of the following statements about taste aversion learning is true? Multiple Choice It requires...
4 pts Question 73 Scenario 11 A boy with autism sometimes engages in self-stimulatory behavior such...
4 pts Question 73 Scenario 11 A boy with autism sometimes engages in self-stimulatory behavior such as waving his hands in front of his eyes while doing his homework. Curiously, he engages in this behavior when his father is around but usually not when his mother is around. An applied behavior analyst working with the boy closely observes the interactions between the boy and his parents in an effort to determine why the self-stimulatory behavior is occurring. She notes that,...
likelihood of a behavior being repeated. Increases; increases. Increases; decreases. . Decreases; increases. Decreases; decreases. View...
likelihood of a behavior being repeated. Increases; increases. Increases; decreases. . Decreases; increases. Decreases; decreases. View Feedback Question 32 0/1 point After walking into unpleasantly bright sunlight, you put on a pair of sunglasses, which reduces the brightness. You'll now be likely to put on sunglasses again the next time it's bright out. The behavior of putting on the sunglasses has been conditioned by which of the following? Negative punishment. Positive reinforcement. Negative reinforcement. Positive punishment.
Which of the following is TRUE of classical conditioning? a.It applies to involuntary behavior. b. Its...
Which of the following is TRUE of classical conditioning? a.It applies to involuntary behavior. b. Its basic principle is that reinforcement increases the frequency of the behavior preceding it; punishment decreases the frequency of the behavior preceding it. c. According to classical conditioning, reinforcement leads to an increase in behavior. d. According to classical conditioning, organism voluntarily operates on its environment to produce a desirable result. After behavior occurs, the likelihood of the behavior occurring again is increased or decreased...
Multiple Choice Question 109 Which of the following statements is false? ABC can weaken control over...
Multiple Choice Question 109 Which of the following statements is false? ABC can weaken control over overhead costs. ABC allows some indirect costs to be identified as direct costs. Managers become more aware of their responsibility to control the activities that generate costs. Under ABC, companies can trace many overhead costs directly to activities.
QUESTION 41 Which of the following statements describes positive reinforcement? a. It weakens behavior by following...
QUESTION 41 Which of the following statements describes positive reinforcement? a. It weakens behavior by following behaviors with undesirable consequences. b. It weakens a behavior by making it less likely to occur in future. It strengthens behavior by withholding an unpleasant consequence of a specific behavior. d. It strengthens behavior by following behaviors with desirable consequences. QUESTION 42 360-degree feedback is a performance appraisal process in which feedback is obtained from the boss, subordinates, peers and coworkers, and the employees...
The Consequences of Whistle-Blowing This activity is important because, as a manager, you need to reinforce...
The Consequences of Whistle-Blowing This activity is important because, as a manager, you need to reinforce positive behaviors. Whistle-blowing is considered an “especially ethical” behavior because it exceeds normal standards of morality. The techniques of reinforcement theory can be used to encourage behaviors such as whistle-blowing, and may help explain why people may or may not want to report ethical violations. The goal of this exercise is to demonstrate your understanding of reinforcement theory by reading a case and responding...
39, which of the following best describes what occurred in question #38 above? a. Unconditioned r...
39, which of the following best describes what occurred in question #38 above? a. Unconditioned response b. Positive reinforcement c. Negative reinforcement d. Positive punishment 40. Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder with which symptoms? a. b. Sudden, extreme feelings of sleepiness Frequent, reflexive gasps for air c. Sleep walking d. All of the above 41. Long-term sleep deprivation can result in increased risk of: a. diabetes b. hypertension c. cardiovascular disease d. all of the above 42. In operant conditioning,...
25. In operant conditioning, punishment makes a behavior future, while reinforcement makes the behavior likely to occure likely to ocur in the likely to occure in the future A. more; less B. less; more C. less; equally D. equally; less 26. Mandisa always picked up her infant daughter when she screamed because she couldn't have the toy she wanted. As a result, her daughter screams doesn't get her way. In this case, picking up the infant served as a(n) screaming...
Which of the following is the most important consideration in operant conditioning? consequences of actions observation of others' behaviors reflexive behaviors instinctive actions A primary difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning is that in the latter the responses of interest are reflexive learned voluntarily instinctive The primary point that one must understand if they are to grasp the concept of positive and negative operant outcomes is that consequences of actions actually have very little to do with the future...
4 pts Question 73 Scenario 11 A boy with autism sometimes engages in self-stimulatory behavior such as waving his hands in front of his eyes while doing his homework. Curiously, he engages in this behavior when his father is around but usually not when his mother is around. An applied behavior analyst working with the boy closely observes the interactions between the boy and his parents in an effort to determine why the self-stimulatory behavior is occurring. She notes that,...
likelihood of a behavior being repeated. Increases; increases. Increases; decreases. . Decreases; increases. Decreases; decreases. View Feedback Question 32 0/1 point After walking into unpleasantly bright sunlight, you put on a pair of sunglasses, which reduces the brightness. You'll now be likely to put on sunglasses again the next time it's bright out. The behavior of putting on the sunglasses has been conditioned by which of the following? Negative punishment. Positive reinforcement. Negative reinforcement. Positive punishment.
Multiple Choice Question 109 Which of the following statements is false? ABC can weaken control over overhead costs. ABC allows some indirect costs to be identified as direct costs. Managers become more aware of their responsibility to control the activities that generate costs. Under ABC, companies can trace many overhead costs directly to activities.
QUESTION 41 Which of the following statements describes positive reinforcement? a. It weakens behavior by following behaviors with undesirable consequences. b. It weakens a behavior by making it less likely to occur in future. It strengthens behavior by withholding an unpleasant consequence of a specific behavior. d. It strengthens behavior by following behaviors with desirable consequences. QUESTION 42 360-degree feedback is a performance appraisal process in which feedback is obtained from the boss, subordinates, peers and coworkers, and the employees...
39, which of the following best describes what occurred in question #38 above? a. Unconditioned response b. Positive reinforcement c. Negative reinforcement d. Positive punishment 40. Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder with which symptoms? a. b. Sudden, extreme feelings of sleepiness Frequent, reflexive gasps for air c. Sleep walking d. All of the above 41. Long-term sleep deprivation can result in increased risk of: a. diabetes b. hypertension c. cardiovascular disease d. all of the above 42. In operant conditioning,...
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