ANSWER : OPPORTUNITY COST
Opportunity cost is the potential benefits foregone when choosing one option over the other. It is the next best alternative forgone.
In this case Matilda has to choose one among the two options. Either she should invest in infrastructure and salary increase or invest in the stock market. If she choose any one option, she is required to forego the benefits that she might have received on choosing the other option. This is called opportunity cost.
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