Question

Before reading:

Read the following sentences and decide which word or phrase is nearest in meaning to the bold word:

1.          Moving the old lady in this condition could have a detrimental effect on her health and she may feel worse.

1.          useful              b. harmful               c. advantageous             d. favorable

2.          Scientists concluded that use of the drug suppressed the immune system and they stopped distributing it among pharmacies.

a.prevented the development               b. improved the process       

c. helped the immune system            d. resulted in better condition

3.          Lack of money will have an adverse effect on our research programme.

1.          negative and unpleasant          b. positive with good results

4.          They hope the new rules will not stifle creativity which is very important for our projects.

1.          improve and help to be better           b. prevent from happening

5.          Scientists have proved that stress and anxiety can have deleterious effects on health.

1.          positive             b. harmful                 c. beneficial          d. constructive

6.          He exerted all his authority to make them accept the plan.

a.used his power to affect                        b. improved his authority

c. made a big effort                                 d. controlled by his authority

              RESEARCHERS SAY JOGGING ALONE IS UNHEALTHY

     A newly published report indicates that jogging could have adverse health effects, especially for those who do it alone. A team of researchers from Harvard University has suggested that going for a run in your own is not as healthy as previously believed and is nowhere near as beneficial as jogging as part of a group. They suggested it could actually be detrimental to one’s health. Experiments conducted on rats indicated that running alone raises stress levels and stifles brain cell regeneration. Professor Elizabeth Gould, who led the research, said: “These results suggest that, in the absence of social interaction, a normally beneficial experience can exert a potentially deleterious influence on the brain.”

     The researchers monitored two rats on exercise wheels. One group exercised alone- the other as part of a rodent jogging team. After two weeks, the scientists conducted test to ascertain the rate of brain cell growth in all the test animals. The results revealed that the communal joggers had double the amount of new brain cells as the solo runners. Professor Gould concluded that: “When experienced in a group setting, running stimulates neurogenesis (brain cell growth). However, when running occurs in social isolation, these positive effects are suppressed.” Joggers around the world should perhaps take the research with a pinch of salt and remember that jogging is healthier than the rat race.

Scanning Part:

Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE? Identify the part of the text that supports your answer.

a.Jogging with rats stimulates the brain cell production:

Evidence:

              

b.Jogging rats produce more brain cells if they do it in group:

Evidence :

Answer the following questions:

a.What does Professor Gould say about the results of the experiment?

b.What were her conclusions?

Skimming Part:

Answer the following questions using your own words but taking into account the information in the text:

a.According to the text, is jogging alone beneficial for our health?

         

b.Has this piece of research been tested on humans?

Choose A, B, or C in each question below. Only one choice is correct.

1.Some Harvard researchers claim that jogging alone:

a.Is not healthy.

b.Is as healthy as it was thought.

c.Is not healthy as it was thought

2.Jogging alone

a.Increases the production of brain cells.

b.Increases the size of the brain.

c.Reduces the production of brain cells.

3.The report suggest that if you decide to go jogging :

a.You should do it in your own.

b.You should do it with someone else.

c.You should do it when your brains tell you.

Answer 1

Answer :

Pharse Meaning :

1.

Detrimental effect

Option - B Harmful.

Detrimental implies tends to Cause harm so, Pharse Detrimental effect implies harmful.

2.

Suppressed

Option A Prevent the development.

Suppression means prevent the development of things or feeling so, suppressed implies Prevent the development of immune system so, drug has been stopped.

3.

Adverse effect

Option - A negative and unpleasant.

Adverse can be used as synonyms of negative so, option A is correct.

4. Stifle creativity.

Option - B prevent from happening.

Stifle implies restrain from doing or happening some activities. Thus option B is correct. Stifile does not mean improve.

5.deleterious effects

Option - B Harmful .

Detrimental and Deleterious are synonymous to each other. So, harmful will be correct answer.

6. Extered all the authority

Option - A Use his power to affect.

Extered mean try to influence , Authority means Power so, extered all the authority implies use of power to affect acceptance of plan.  

TRUE or FALSE :

1.

False :

Jogging with people, group setting may stimulates the production of cells this study was conducted on rats so, as per conclusions of study reached by professor Elizabeth with social interaction Jogging ,group setting are normally beneficial for brain cells So, Jogging with rats not will help Product of brain cells as they are just participated in experiment.

True

Evidence - communal joggers ( group of rats ) had doubled the amount of new brain cells as compared to single joggers.

Answer the questions ( using above text )

a.

Result of the experiment.

Professor Elizabeth Gould said following as result of the experiment. " In absence of social interaction , a normally beneficial experience can exert a potentially deleterious influence on the brain ".

b.

Conclusion reached by professor Elizabeth Gould:

Professor Elizabeth Gould concluded that when experienced in a group setting, running stimulates neurogenesis (brain cells growth) however running occurs in social isolation, these positive effects are suppressed.

Answer the following in own words

a.

According to the text, Jogging alone ( in isolation ) is not beneficial for our health moverover it has negative effects on growth of brain cells achieved through group setting and Jogging with people.

b.

As mentioned in last line joggers around the world perhaps take this research with pinch of salt implies that people are not believing or being skeptical ( not convinced) about the research that was conducted on rats.by professor Elizabeth Gould.

MCQ:

1.

C. Not healthy as it was thought.

As mentioned in text A team of Harvard University has suggested that going for a run in your is NOT as HEALTHY as PREVIOUSLY BELIEVED.

Thus option C is correct.

2.

C. It reduces the Production of brain cells.

As mentioned in text regarding conclusion reached by professor Elizabeth Gould it is clearly stated running occurs in isolation ( alone ) suppressed ( reduce ) the effects of neuroscience that is growth of brain cells.

Thus, option C is correct.

3.

Option B - you should do it with someone else.

The report suggests that one should go for Jogging in group to get the positive impact in form of growth of brain cells rather than going along to harm the growth.

Thus option B is correct.