Question

Describe the indications, action and contra indications of a commonly used medication on the human organism e.g., Aspirin, Paracetamol, Salbutamol etc. 39.1) Indications for use 39.2) Action 39.3) Contraindications 39.4) Drug

Answer 1

Drugs are medications that can be administered humans in many ways such as oral,injections such as Intramuscular,Intravenous,Intrathecal,Ibntradermal,subcutaneous etc to relieve from the sufferings or problems.Some drugs are used commonly in most of the case such as aspirin,paracetamol,salbutamol etc

39.1)Indications

Aspirin:

It is a commonly used drug why because it can be mainly used as a pain killer

*Tooth ache,muscle pain and head aches

*Common cold and fever

Inflammation,pain and swelling related to arthritis

*Can be used as life saving drug in some patients having the history of CAD to interferes the blood clotting to prevent heart attack

Paracetamol:

paracetamol is a common drug used for treating pain and fever.It is otherwise called as "Acetaminophen".It is not a drug that is used to treat the cause.This can be used as a drug for the temporary relief of symptoms such as pain and fever

*Fever

*Common cold or flu like symptoms

*Post-operative pain

*Arthritis

*Muscle ache

*Tooth ache

*Back ache

*Menstrual pain

*Post-immunization pyrexia

Salbutamol:

It is a commong drug we are using for breathing difficuties to relax the muscle of the airways

*Bronchial asthma or asthma attacks

*Bronchospasms

*COPD(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease)

*Chronic bronchitis

39.2) Action

Aspirin:

Aspirin reduces the synthesis of cyclooxygenase that is reqired for the synthesis of prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis,thus relieve from pain and decrease in the formation of blood clots that means improves the bleeding time.

Paracetamol:

*it reduce the release in the synthesis of prostaglandins,thus relieve from pain and body temperature

*It act as a barrier to the pain signals to the brain

Salbutamol:

It acts on the beta2 adrenergic receptors or acts as an beta2-adrenoreceptors agonist on the smooth muscle enveloping the bronchi and airways and result in bronchodilation.

39.3)Contraindications

Aspirin:

*Hypersensitivity

*Patients having bleeding disorder or any history of bleeding

*patients undergoing anticoagulation therapy

*Prolonged usage in pregnency leads to increase risk of bleeding of premature infants

*History of any history of GI bleeding or present bleeding or ulcers

Paracetamol:

*Hypersensitivity to acetaminophen

*Inflammed liver

*Liver damage

*Liver failure

*Renal impairment

*Undernutritioned

Salbutamol:

*Hypersensitivity

39.4) These are the most commonly drugs used in human beings.All the drugs having their own useful effects and side effects.As a nurse we have to ensure these all.Before giving the prescribed drug we have ask any history allergies,and as a nurse before and after the administration we have to check the vitals and after administering we have to check for any adverse reactions.If noted stop it and inform to the concerned physian and check the vitals and be sure that the patient is comfortable.