Question

Could you please help me with an answer to this question in a simple way for the beginner? This is a beginner level class so can you please help me. The code must have beginner level implementation. Can you also please explain what things do. Thank you!

Write a program that prompts the user for a positive integer number smaller than 256 (i.e. in [0...255]) and converts it into an 8-bit binary number. The bits are the remainders of the successive divisions of the input number by 2. The first division remainder is the least significant bit i.e. the right most and the last division remainder is the most significant bit i.e. the left most bit. The result should be stored as a string and then printed. The following is a sample run: Please enter a number between 0 and 255: 83 The binary equivalent of 83 i s 01010011. Again, with assumption of input validity, if the input is not in the right format or range of values, the program will error-out or provide wrong results.

Answer 1

Code:  Below mentioned is C++ code. Similar code can be written in C/Java as only input/output functions would change.

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
main(){
int num,length,n;
cout<<"Please enter a number between 0 and 255: ";
cin>> num; // Taking input
n=num; //Copy of input number for operations so that input number is stored intact
if(num>255 || num<0){ // Validating range
cout<<"Number out of range";
exit(0);
}
string binary=""; // Initializing Null (empty) String
while(n>0){ // Process of converting decimal to binary
binary=to_string(n%2)+binary; // Concatenating Strings (each new bit in front of other bits)
n=n/2;
}
length=binary.length(); // If length of binary is less than 8 then convert add trailing zeros in front
if(length<8){
for(int i=length+1;i<=8;i++)
binary="0"+binary;
}

cout<<"The binary equivalent of "<<num<<" is "<<binary;
}

Explanation: Program takes an integer as input and checks if it lies in range of 0-255. If it does not then it terminates program. If number is in specified range then program initializes an empty string and start adding (concatenating) binary representation of number bit by bit. if length of binary representation is less than 8 bits then it is padded by trailing zeroes.

Output:

Code:

#include<iostream> using namespace std; main() { int num, length, n; cout<<"Please enter a number between 0 and 255: "; cin>> num; // Taking input n=num; // Copy of input number for operations so that ir if (num>255 Il num< 0) { // Validating range cout<<"Number out of range"; exit(0); string binary=""; // Initializing Null (empty) Stri while (n>0){ // Process of converting decimal binary=to_string(n$2) +binary; // Concatenating Stri n=n/2; length=binary.length(); // If length of binary is les if(length<8){ for (int i=length+l;i<=8; i++) binary="0"+binary; cout<<"The binary equivalent of "<<num<<" is "<<binary;

Please enter a number between 0 and 255: 83 The binary equivalent of 83 is 01010011 Process returned © (@xo) execution time : 2.399 s Press any key to continue.