Question

Physical Changes 1. What is the difference between puberty and adolescence? Which gland is responsible for the release of GH, which stimulates other glands to release hormones that lead to adolescent development? 2. Which hormones are primarily associated with female development? Which are primarily associated with male development? 3. How much weight are individuals expected to gain during the puberty growth spurt? How much height are individuals expected to gain during the puberty growth spurt? 4. Which gender begins puberty first? On average, around what ages do the genders begin? Base your answer on information provided by the textbook. 5. What are common physical changes expected in puberty for girls and for boys? 6. What are some differences that are noted between males and females as it relates to muscle, fat, red blood cells, lung size, and heart size? 7. What is menarche? What is spermarche? 8. Of the two eating disorders, which one is more likely to binge and purge? What does it mean to binge and purge? 9. Why is bulimia easier to treat than anemia?

Answer 1

1. Puberty is a period of physical transition, adolescence is about a psychological and social transition.Puberty is the process of physical changes by which adolescents reach sexual maturity, i.e. become capable of reproduction. Puberty refers to the bodily changes, while adolescence is the period of psychological and social transition between childhood and adulthood. Puberty can be referred to a biological process which can begin and end independent of adolescence l, also may be described in terms of concrete physiological terms. Adolescence refered to a period of time,it described mostly in abstract psychological & sociological terms.

Growth hormone is synthesised and secreted by the somatotroph cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Its actions involve multiple organs and systems, affecting postnatal longitudinal growth as well as protein, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism.

Adolescence is a time of many psychosocial and physiological changes. One such change is how an individual responds to stressors. Specifically, adolescence is marked by significant shifts in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity, resulting in heightened stress-induced hormonal responses. The trigger for puberty in both boys and girls is the production of 'gonadotrophin releasing hormone' (GnRH) from a part of the brain hypothalamus.

2. The primary male and female hormones are called the androgen and the estrogen.

Androgen defined as a group of hormones that play a role in male characteristic traits and reproductive activity. It is also considered a steroid, such as testosterone, that regulates the development of masculine characteristics. The male characteristics that androgens help develop include secondary sex characteristics that boys develop when going through puberty.

Estrogen is the sex hormones produced primarily by a female's ovaries that stimulate the growth of a girl's sex organs, as well as her breasts and pubic hair, known as secondary sex characteristics. Estrogens also regulate the female menstrual cycle.Although both men and women have this hormone, it is found in higher amounts in women, especially those capable of reproducing.

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