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1. Let Xn ER be a sequence of real numbers. (a) Prove that if Xn is...
Example: Let {xn} be a sequence of real numbers. Show that Proposition 0.1 1. If r...
Example: Let {xn} be a sequence of real numbers. Show that Proposition 0.1 1. If r is bounded above, x = lim sup (r) if and only if For all 0 there is an NEN, such that x <x+e whenevern > N, and b. For all >0 and all M, there is n > M with x - e< In a.
Example: Let {xn} be a sequence of real numbers. Show that Proposition 0.1 1. If r is bounded above,...
Let (xn) be a bounded sequence of real numbers, and put u = lim supn→∞ xn . Let E be the set consisting of the limits of all convergent subsequences of (xn). Show that u ∈ E and that u = sup(E). Form...
Let (xn) be a bounded sequence
of real numbers, and put u = lim supn→∞ xn . Let E be the set
consisting of the limits of all convergent subsequences of (xn).
Show that u ∈ E and that u = sup(E).
Formulate and prove a similar result for lim infn→∞ xn .
Thank you!
7. Let (Fm) be a bounded sequence of real numbers, and put u-lim supn→oorn . Let E be the set consisting of the limits of...
4. (20 pts) Let {xn} be a Cauchy sequence. Show that a) (5 pts) {xn} is...
4. (20 pts) Let {xn} be a Cauchy sequence. Show that a) (5 pts) {xn} is bounded. Hint: See Lecture 4 notes b) (5 pts) {Jxn} is a Cauchy sequence. Hint: Use the following inequality ||x| - |y|| < |x - y|, for all x, y E R. _ subsequence of {xn} and xn c) (5 pts) If {xnk} is a See Lecture 4 notes. as k - oo, then xn OO as n»oo. Hint: > d) (5 pts) If...
18. If ai, az, as,... is a bounded sequence of real numbers, define lim sup an...
18. If ai, az, as,... is a bounded sequence of real numbers, define lim sup an (also denoted lim an) to be --+ n+ l.u.b. {z ER: an > & for an infinite number of integers n} and define lim inf an (also denoted lim an) to be g.l.b. {ER: An <for an infinite number of integers n}. Prove that lim inf an Slim sup an, with the equality holding if and only if the sequence converges. 19. Let ai,...
5. Let {xn} and {yn} be sequences of real numbers such that x1 = 2 and...
5. Let {xn} and {yn} be sequences of real numbers such that x1 =
2 and y1 = 8 and for n = 1,2,3,···
x2nyn + xnyn2 x2n + yn2 xn+1 = x2 + y2 and yn+1 = x + y .
nn nn
(a) Prove that xn+1 − yn+1 = −(x3n − yn3 )(xn − yn) for all
positive integers n.
(xn +yn)(x2n +yn2) (b) Show that 0 < xn ≤ yn for all positive
integers n.
Hence, prove...
13 14 Exercise 13: Let (xn) be a bounded sequence a S be the set of...
13 14
Exercise 13: Let (xn) be a bounded sequence a S be the set of limit points of (n), i.e. S:{xER there exists a subsequence () s.t. lim } ko0 Show lim inf inf S n-o0 Hint: See lecture for proof lim sup Exercise 14: (Caesaro revisited) Let (x) be a convergent sequence. Let (yn) be the sequence given by Yn= n for all n E N. Show that lim sup y lim sup n n-+00 n o0
2. Let A be a nonempty set of real numbers bounded above. Define Prove that -A...
2. Let A be a nonempty set of real numbers bounded above. Define Prove that -A is bounded below, and that inf(-A) = -sup(A). -A={-a: aEA . (5 marks) (You may use results proved in class.) A = 0 , A is bounded above.
Problem 1 [10 points] Prove that if A is a nonempty set of real numbers with...
Problem 1 [10 points] Prove that if A is a nonempty set of real numbers with a lower bound and B is a nonempty subset of A, then inf A <inf B. Problem 2 [10 points) Let A be a nonempty set of real numbers with a lower bound. Prove there exists a sequence (ar) =1 such that are A for all n and we have limntan = inf A.
5a) (5 pts) Find lim inf (xn) and lim sup (rn), for rn = 4 +...
5a) (5 pts) Find lim inf (xn) and lim sup (rn), for rn = 4 + (-1)" (1 - 2). Justify your answer 5b) (5 pts) Find a sequence r, with lim sup (xn) = 3 and lim inf (x,) = -2. 5c) (10 pts) Let {x,} be a bounded sequence of real numbers with lim inf (x,) = x and lim sup (x,) = y where , yER. Show that {xn} has subsequences {an} and {bn}, such that an...
***You must follow the comments*** Topic: Mathematical Real Analysis - Let (xn) be a bounded sequence...
***You must
follow the comments***
Topic: Mathematical
Real Analysis
- Let (xn) be a
bounded sequence ((xn) is not necessarily convergent), and assume
that yn → 0. Show that lim n→∞ (xnyn) = 0.
Question1.
All the
solution state that there exists M >0 and xn<=M . My question
is that why M always be bigger than 0 and Why it is bounded above ?
why it is not m<=xn bounded below????
Question.
2.
if the
sequence is convergent, then...
Example: Let {xn} be a sequence of real numbers. Show that Proposition 0.1 1. If r is bounded above, x = lim sup (r) if and only if For all 0 there is an NEN, such that x <x+e whenevern > N, and b. For all >0 and all M, there is n > M with x - e< In a.
Example: Let {xn} be a sequence of real numbers. Show that Proposition 0.1 1. If r is bounded above,...
Let (xn) be a bounded sequence
of real numbers, and put u = lim supn→∞ xn . Let E be the set
consisting of the limits of all convergent subsequences of (xn).
Show that u ∈ E and that u = sup(E).
Formulate and prove a similar result for lim infn→∞ xn .
Thank you!
7. Let (Fm) be a bounded sequence of real numbers, and put u-lim supn→oorn . Let E be the set consisting of the limits of...
4. (20 pts) Let {xn} be a Cauchy sequence. Show that a) (5 pts) {xn} is bounded. Hint: See Lecture 4 notes b) (5 pts) {Jxn} is a Cauchy sequence. Hint: Use the following inequality ||x| - |y|| < |x - y|, for all x, y E R. _ subsequence of {xn} and xn c) (5 pts) If {xnk} is a See Lecture 4 notes. as k - oo, then xn OO as n»oo. Hint: > d) (5 pts) If...
18. If ai, az, as,... is a bounded sequence of real numbers, define lim sup an (also denoted lim an) to be --+ n+ l.u.b. {z ER: an > & for an infinite number of integers n} and define lim inf an (also denoted lim an) to be g.l.b. {ER: An <for an infinite number of integers n}. Prove that lim inf an Slim sup an, with the equality holding if and only if the sequence converges. 19. Let ai,...
5. Let {xn} and {yn} be sequences of real numbers such that x1 =
2 and y1 = 8 and for n = 1,2,3,···
x2nyn + xnyn2 x2n + yn2 xn+1 = x2 + y2 and yn+1 = x + y .
nn nn
(a) Prove that xn+1 − yn+1 = −(x3n − yn3 )(xn − yn) for all
positive integers n.
(xn +yn)(x2n +yn2) (b) Show that 0 < xn ≤ yn for all positive
integers n.
Hence, prove...
13 14
Exercise 13: Let (xn) be a bounded sequence a S be the set of limit points of (n), i.e. S:{xER there exists a subsequence () s.t. lim } ko0 Show lim inf inf S n-o0 Hint: See lecture for proof lim sup Exercise 14: (Caesaro revisited) Let (x) be a convergent sequence. Let (yn) be the sequence given by Yn= n for all n E N. Show that lim sup y lim sup n n-+00 n o0
2. Let A be a nonempty set of real numbers bounded above. Define Prove that -A is bounded below, and that inf(-A) = -sup(A). -A={-a: aEA . (5 marks) (You may use results proved in class.) A = 0 , A is bounded above.
Problem 1 [10 points] Prove that if A is a nonempty set of real numbers with a lower bound and B is a nonempty subset of A, then inf A <inf B. Problem 2 [10 points) Let A be a nonempty set of real numbers with a lower bound. Prove there exists a sequence (ar) =1 such that are A for all n and we have limntan = inf A.
5a) (5 pts) Find lim inf (xn) and lim sup (rn), for rn = 4 + (-1)" (1 - 2). Justify your answer 5b) (5 pts) Find a sequence r, with lim sup (xn) = 3 and lim inf (x,) = -2. 5c) (10 pts) Let {x,} be a bounded sequence of real numbers with lim inf (x,) = x and lim sup (x,) = y where , yER. Show that {xn} has subsequences {an} and {bn}, such that an...
***You must
follow the comments***
Topic: Mathematical
Real Analysis
- Let (xn) be a
bounded sequence ((xn) is not necessarily convergent), and assume
that yn → 0. Show that lim n→∞ (xnyn) = 0.
Question1.
All the
solution state that there exists M >0 and xn<=M . My question
is that why M always be bigger than 0 and Why it is bounded above ?
why it is not m<=xn bounded below????
Question.
2.
if the
sequence is convergent, then...
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