Question

A. 2 pts. Consider a small hydroelectric power station that generates 1000 kW of electrical power. Water passes through the turbine as it falls from the reservoir level down a vertical drop of 25.0 m to the river below the dam. Assuming 80.0% conversion efficiency, what volume of water must pass through the turbine each second? (give answer in m') p= density of water 1000 kg/m3 g=9.81 ms-2 B. 2 pts. Determine the total energy content of all the natural gas produced in Canada in 2018. How long would it take for the hydro plant in part A to produce the same amount of energy? Refer to the BP table of conversion factors (handout, on eClass) to find the energy content of natural gas. Conversion factors are approximate; answers may vary slightly. 3.15 x 107 sec one year Give your answer in years, rounded to the nearest year. C. 2 pts. Suppose Canada produced about 90 million tonnes of coal in one year. Let's assume* that the coal was 50% (by weight) hard coal and 50 % brown coal (lignite). What is the total energy content (in Joules) of all the coal produced in that year? Use only the BP table of conversion factors (handout). Give answer with 2 sig digs. [*Use these fictitious percentages for this exercise; however, most of the coal produced in Canada is actually hard coal.] Problem 3. Consider the following statistics regarding crude oil production. (Remember, in the context of the Hubbert model, production extraction from the ground.) Proven reserves (x 109 barrels of oil): Middle East Canada USA 33.7 34.7 1978 370 572 7.4 1988 9.0 1998 677 6.7 30.0 Annual production rate (x 109 barels of oil): Canada 0.7 USA Middle East 5.6 8.3 1988 3.6 1998 1.3 2.9 A. 6 pts. Draw two curves illustrating cumulative production and discovery, as was done in class. On the x-axis clearly mark the positions of to and tM. Mark on cach curve the approximate position that each country/region (Canada, US, Middle East) had reached as of 1998. Base your answers only on the limited data given above. Note: This is a conceptual question. We want the shape of the curves only; don't try to plot the data quantitatively. Normally, data for each region would be plotted on a separate curve. However, for this problem, we plot them together in order illustrate qualitatively how close each region is to exhausting its own resources, based on the limited data given here. For example: a country just beginning to exploit vast resources would plot far to the left; a country that has nearly exhausted its resources would plot far to the right, etc. B. 6 pts. In a second drawing, draw two curves showing production rate and discovery class). On the x-axis, clearly mark the positions of to and t. Mark on each curve the approximate position that cach country/region had reached as of 1998 (based on the data given above). rate (as was done in

Answer 1

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