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11) Although not present in all bacteria, this cell covering often enables cells that possess it to resist the defenses of host organisms, especially their phagocytic cells. A) endospore B) sex pilus C cell wall D) capsule E) cuticle

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D) Capsule. Microorganisms are first exposed to phagocytes when they invade into the host organism. Microorganisms which steadily attract the phagocytes are ingested and killed by phagocytes. To be sucessful pathogen, bacteria should overcome these phagocyts. There are many mechanisms to overcome the attack of phagocytes, avoiding contact of phagocytes, inhibiting the engulfment by phagocyte, production of enzymes which damage phagocytes are some of them. The capsule in some bacteria inhibit the engulfment by phagocytes. For example the capsule preset on the surface of  Bacillus anthracis protects against the action of cationic proteins (defensins) in sera or in phagocytes.

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