Question

After having taken an MBA a friend of yours is planning to open a cafeteria in a well-known Pyrenees ski resort. In order to prepare the forecasted financial expenses for a potential investor he has asked you some help in order to double check the financial statements of the business.

The cafeteria would only be opened for 6 months (180 days), starting the 1^st of November and until the 30^th of April, so you must consider all the financial statements on a semester basis.

Expected sales in average:

• Breakfasts served: 25 breakfast per day at an average price of 10€ each
• Lunch: 50 breakfast per day at an average price of 20€ each
• Coffee: 3.000 cups per month at 2€ each
• Sandwiches: estimated 1.000 per month at an average price of 4€
• Soups: estimated 375 per month at an average price of 6€

During the season, the cafeteria will host 2 private events for special guests of the resort:

• New Year’s dinner party consisting in 100 menus at 100€ (includes dinner and open bar), with an expected margin of 40%, which will be collected 30 days after its celebration (30^th January).
• Easter’s special lunch consisting in 100 menus at 50€, with an expected margin of 30%, which will be collected 30 days after its celebration (end May)

Additionally, there will be extra revenues by selling souvenirs as postcards and fridge magnets. The forecast is to sell an equivalent of the 10% of the total revenues (excluding the private events). The cost of the souvenirs is barely the 10% of its price with collecting & payment conditions being the same as the rest of the cafeteria products.

The direct cost of the ingredients of every meal or food/beverage served is as following (over price):

• Breakfast: 30%
• Lunch: 35%
• Coffee: 20%
• Sandwiches: 50%
• Soup: 25%

The costs related to the goods sold (food, beverages, special events, souvenirs) will pe paid in average 30 days after its consumption.

You expect to have a stable headcount of the following positions:

• Waiters: 3 persons, with a gross salary of 1.000€ per month (only during the 6 months season) plus a 30% of Social Security taxes.
• Cooker: 2 persons, with a gross salary of 2.000€ per month (only during the 6 months season) plus a 30% of Social Security taxes
• Business manager with a gross salary of 5.000€ per month (which applies for all year) plus a 30% of Social Security taxes

Salaries will be paid at the end of the month while SS taxes at the end of every calendar quarter.

Consumption of water, power and heat are expected to amount 3.000€ per month. Since the payments is usually in 60 days, at the end of the season 1/3 of the utilities will remain unpaid.

As part of the agreement with the ski resort, cafeteria will have to liquidate and pay a royalty of an equivalent of the 10% of the total semester revenues (to be paid the month after the season ends).

Additionally, it has been calculated that other general expenses, as alarms, cleaning, kitchen tools, etc. will amount a 3% of the revenues, all of them paid within the season period.

The cafeteria will have to invest 60,000€ in order to purchase some necessary assets for the operation, as chairs, tables, shelves, a fridge, an oven and cutlery. All those elements will be sold after the season at a 50% of its price value. All of them are expected to be paid during the first 3 months, while the collection of the end-season sale will be expected 60 days after the closing.

With the purpose to face the initial investment payment for the assets acquired, contemplate to get a bank loan with a 6 months maturity, repaid (principal plus interests) on the 30^th April with a 6% annual compound interest rate.

Consider that 50% of the total revenues (including souvenirs and special events) are paid with credit card which results in a 1,5% financial cost for the cafeteria. The rest is being paid upfront.

Estimated tax provision is 25%, to be paid 60 days after the closing balance of the season.

The Balance sheet at the beginning of the period (1^st November) only contained 10.000€ of Cash and 10.000€ of Capital stock.

1. Please elaborate the 2021-22 semester (Nov-April) Income statement and Cash-Flow Statement, showing in this case the 3 standard categories (Operational, Investing, Financial). Also complete the 31^st April 2022 Balance Sheet and identify in it the differences between the Net Income and the Free Cash-Flow of the period. Comment all the results shown. (85 points: 25pts IS, 25pts CF, 25pts BS and 10pts for explaining and showing the differences).
2. If you were a potential investor what aspects would, you consider according the financial information seen above. Does the fact of being a seasonal business would affect your decision on investing or not? If the forecast was contemplating, 12 months rather than 6 would the financials change? Explain (15 points)

All the information is provided. The steps of the calculations are required

Answer 1

Income Statement For the Period ending April 30,2022 (180 Days) Revenue from Operations: Breakfasts Served 45,000 Lunch 180,000 Coffee 36,000 Sandwiches 24,000 Soups 13,500 Private Events: New Year's Dinner Party 10,000 Easter's Special Lunch 5,000 Souveniers and Postcards and Fridge Magnets 29,850 TOTAL REVENUE 343,350 Direct Costs: Breakfasts 13,500 Lunch 63,000 Coffee 7,200 Sandwiches 12,000 Soups 3,375 New Year's Party 6,000 Easter's Special Lunch 3,500 Souveniers and Postcards and Fridge Magnets 2,985 TOTAL DIRECT COSTS 111,560 Salaries: Waiters 18,000 Cooker 24,000 Business Manager 30,000 Social Security Taxes 21,600 TOTAL SALARIES 93,600 Other Indirect Costs: Water, Power and Heat 18,000 Royalty 34,335 General Expenses 10,301 Credit Card Charges 2,575 Depreciation on Assets 30,000 Interest on Bank Loan 1,800 TOTAL OTHER INDIRECT COSTS 97,011 NET INCOME BEFORE TAX 41,179 Tax @ 25% 10,295 NET INCOME AFTER TAX 30,885

Balance Sheet For the Period ended April 30,2022 ASSETS Cash 78,708 Accounts Receivable 5,000 Receivable for Sale of Assets 30,000 Total Assets 113,708 EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Accounts Payable 72,823 Capital Stock 10,000 Retained Earnings 30,885 Total Equity and Liabilities 113,708 Cash Opening Balance 10,000 Revenue 338,350 COGS (92,967) Social Security Taxes (18,000) Salaries (72,000) Utilities (12,000) General Expenses (10,301) Credit Card Charges (2,575) Bank Loan Payment (61,800) Cash Balance at End 78,707 Cash Flow Statement (Indirect Method) Net Income 30,885 Adjustments For: Depreciation 30,000 Interest on Bank Loan 1,800 62,685 Increase in Accounts Receivables (5,000) Increase in Accounts Payables 72,823 Cash Generated from Operations 130,508 Cash Flows from Investing Activities Purchase of Assets (60,000) Net Cash used in Investing Activities (60,000) Cash Flows from Financing Activities Proceeds from Bank Loan 60,000 Repayment of Bank Loan (61,800) Net Cash used in Investing Activities (1,800) Net Increase in Cash 68,708 Cash at Beginning 10,000 Cash at End 78,708