Question

CHEM 2032 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LAB 1 SUMMER 2018 PRE/POST-TEST REAC 712 NAME 1. What safety Precautions must be taken when working with Sulfuric acid (H2S04) and Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)? 2. Briefly explain the following terms: a. Heterolytic bond cleavage b. Dehydration reaction Write the chemical equation for the dehydration of cyclohexanol, showing all reagents and conditions (use structural formula for all organic compounds). 3. Using the following information, calculate the theoretical yield for the dehydration of 3.0 mL of cyclohexanol a. substance cyclohexanol cyclohexene Molar mass (g/mol)d 100.16 82.15 0.948 0.811

Answer 1

. ForSulphuric Acid: Collect Sulphuric Acid fro thebottles with a Pipette Dropper and then release it within the test tubes. Always addacid to water rather than the other way roundso thatacid drops don'tspill on to our hands and faces. When diluting H SO addsmall volumes ofthe acid to large volumes ofwater to dispersc heat whilst mixing thoroughly During pouring ofthe liquid, pouring down the sides prevents splashing Handle the acid and related apparatus by keeping themaway fromour faces. For Phosphoric Acid:Avoid generating vapours or mists. Immediately report leaks, spills or failures ofthe safety equipment Ifproductis transferred to another container, ensure new container is sitable forthe product. Prevent accidental contact with incompatible chemicals. Never add water to a corrosive. Always add corrosives slowlyto COLD water Never reuse empty containers, even if they appear tobe clean. Storein an area that is: cool, dry, well-ventilated, out of direct sunlight andaway from heat and ignition sources, separate from incompatible materials. 2. A) eterolytic Bond Cleavage: Bond breaking in which the bonding electron pair is split unevenly between the products. Heterolytic cleavage often produces at least one ion. For example B) Dehydration reaction:A dehydration reaction is a chemical reaction hat involves theloss ofa water molecule from the reactant. In other words, a dehydration reaction is a chemical reaction between two compounds whereone oftheproducts is water For example 3. In the presenceofa strong acid, an alcohol can be dehydratedto form an alkene. The acid used in this experiment is 85% phosphoric acid and the alcoholis cvclohexanol. The phosphoric acidis a catalvstandas such increases the rate ofreactionbut does notaffect theoverall stoichiometry 89% Hypo, +HOH +H.PO a) We aregiven with values for cyclohexanol volume- 3.0ml Density-0.948 g/ml Mass-Density x volume Mass 0.948 lx 3.0ml Mass-2.84g No. of moles of cyclohexanol-Given mass / Molar mass No. of moles of cyclohexanol-2.84 g (100.16 gimol) No. of moles of cyclohexanol-0.0284 mol Because 1 mol of cyclohexanol should producc mol ofcyclohexene, 0.0284mol of cyclohexanol should produce0.0284 mol ofcyclohexene Convertthis number ofmoles of cyclohexene to grams ofcyclohexeneby multiplving by the molar mass ofcvclohexene. 0.0284 molx 82.13gmol 2.33 g cyclohexene