Question

CIS 22B Lab 3 Itty Bitty Airfreight (IBA)

Topics:

Friend functions

Copy constructor

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Lab 3.1

Utilizing Lab 2.2 code

Create your objects in the stack (not on the heap). Add a friend function, kilotopound, which will convert kilograms to pounds. Change your weight mutator to ask whether weight is input in kilograms or pounds. If it is kilograms, call the friend function kilotopound to convert it to pounds and return pounds.There are 2.2 pounds in one kilogram.

Create an object on the stack with the following information:

uld – Container

abbreviation - AYK

uldid – AYK68943IB

aircraft - 737

weight – 1654 Kilograms

destination – PDX

Output the contents of your object.

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Lab 3.2

Utilizing Lab 3.1 code, add a copy constructor.

Create an object on the stack using the following data:

uld – Container

abbreviation - ABB

uldid – ABB31545IB

aircraft - 737

weight – 1156

destination – BUR

Copy the first object using a copy constructor. Output the contents of both objects.

HERE IS LAB CODE 2.2:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#define MAX 100
using namespace std;

// Defines a class to store cargo information
class Cargo
{
string uld;
string abbreviation;
string uldid;
int aircraft;
int weight;
string destination;

// Function to return true if the parameter no is within second parameter min and third parameter max
// otherwise returns false
bool valid(int no, int min, int max)
{
// Checks if no is greater than or equals to min and less than or equals to max return true
if(no >= min && no <= max)
return true;
// Otherwise returns false
else
return false;
}// End of function
public:
// Function to accept cargo information from the user
void input()
{
int type, abb;
// Loops till valid unit load entered by the user
do
{
// Displays menu
cout<<"\n 1 - Container \t 2 - Pallet";
// Accepts unit load
cout<<"\n Enter the Unit Load: ";
cin>>type;

// Calls the function to validate input type
if(valid(type, 1, 2))
{
// Checks the type and assigns appropriate constant
if(type == 1)
uld = "Container";
else
uld = "Pallet";

// Come out of the loop
break;
}// End of if condition

// Otherwise invalid data displays error message and continue
else
cout<<"\n ERROR: Invalid type Unit Load. Try again.";
}while(true);// End of do - while loop

// Loops till valid container type entered by the user
do
{
// Checks if type is 1 then Container
if(type == 1)
{
// Displays menu
cout<<"\n Container type: \t 1 - AYF \t 2 - AYK \t 3 - AAA \t 4 - AYY ";
// Accepts abbreviation
cout<<"\n Enter the Abbreviation: ";
cin>>abb;
// Calls the function to validate input type
if(valid(abb, 1, 4))
{
// Checks the abb and assigns appropriate constant
if(abb == 1)
abbreviation = "AYF";
else if(abb == 2)
abbreviation = "AYK";
else if(abb == 3)
abbreviation = "AAA";
else if(abb == 4)
abbreviation = "AYY";
// Come out of the loop
break;
}// End of inner if condition

// Otherwise invalid data displays error message and continue
else
cout<<"\n ERROR: Invalid type Abbreviation. Try again.";
}// End of if outer condition

// Checks if type is 2 then Pallets
else if(type == 2)
{
// Displays menu
cout<<"\n Pallets type: \t 1 - PAG \t 2 - PMC \t 3 - PLA ";
cout<<"\n Enter the Abbreviation: ";
cin>>abb;
// Calls the function to validate input type
if(valid(abb, 1, 3))
{
// Checks the abb and assigns appropriate constant
if(abb == 1)
abbreviation = "PAG";
else if(abb == 2)
abbreviation = "PMC";
else if(abb == 3)
abbreviation = "PLA";
// Come out of the loop
break;
}// End of if condition

// Otherwise invalid data displays error message and continue
else
cout<<"\n ERROR: Invalid type Abbreviation. Try again.";
}// End of else if condition
}while(true);// End of do - while loop

// Loops till valid unit id entered by the user
do
{
string uid;
// Accepts uid
cout<<"\n Enter the Unit ID (5 digit): ";
cin>>uid;
// Checks if length of the uid is 5 then valid
if(uid.length() == 5)
{
// Checks if type is 1 then Container
if(type == 1)
{
// Checks the abb and concatenate constant with uid accordingly
if(abb == 1)
uldid = "AYF" + uid + "IB";
else if(abb == 2)
uldid = "AYK" + uid + "IB";
else if(abb == 3)
uldid = "AAA" + uid + "IB";
else
uldid = "AYY" + uid + "IB";
}// End of inner if condition

// Otherwise type is 2 for Pallets
else
{
// Checks the abb and concatenate constant with uid accordingly
if(abb == 1)
uldid = "PAG" + uid + "IB";
else if(abb == 2)
uldid = "PMC" + uid + "IB";
else
uldid = "PLA" + uid + "IB";
}// End of else
// Come out of the loop
break;
}// End of outer if condition

// Otherwise invalid data displays error message and continue
else
cout<<"\n ERROR: Invalid Unit ID. Try again.";
}while(true);// End of do - while loop

cout<<"\n Enter Aircraft type: ";
cin>>aircraft;

cout<<"\n Enter Weight: ";
cin>>weight;

// Loops till valid destination entered by the user
do
{
// Accepts destination
cout<<"\n Enter Destination (3 characters): ";
cin>>destination;

// Checks if length of the destination is 3 then valid
if(destination.length() == 3)
// Come out of the loop
break;

// Otherwise invalid data displays error message and continue
else
cout<<"\n ERROR: Invalid Destination. Try again.";
}while(true);// End of do - while loop
}// End of function

// Function to display cargo information
void output()
{
cout<<"\n ******************";
cout<<"\n\t Unit Load: "<<uld;
cout<<"\n\t Abbreviation: "<<abbreviation;
cout<<"\n\t Unit ID: "<<uldid;
cout<<"\n\t Aircraft Type: "<<aircraft;
cout<<"\n\t Weight: "<<weight;
cout<<"\n\t Destination: "<<destination;
cout<<"\n ******************";
}// End of function
};// End of structure

// main function definition
int main()
{
// Creates an array object of class cargo
Cargo cargo[MAX];
// To store number of records
int counter = 0;
// To store user choice
int choice;

// Loops till user choice is not 3
do
{
// Displays menu
cout<<"\n ******** MENU **********";
cout<<"\n\t 1 - Input Cargo Information \n\t 2 - Display Cargo Information \n\t 3 - Exit";
// Accepts user choice
cout<<"\n\t\t What is your choice? ";
cin>>choice;

// Checks user choice and calls appropriate function
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
// Checks if current record counter is equals to MAX then display error message
// list full
if(counter == MAX)
cout<<"\n ERROR: Full List. Can not add.";

else
{
// Calls the function to accept cargo data
cargo[counter++].input();
}// End of else
break;
case 2:
// Checks if current record counter is equals to 0 then display error message
// empty list
if(counter == 0)
cout<<"\n ERROR: Nothing to display. Empty list.";
else
{
for(int c = 0; c < counter; c++)
// Calls the function to display data
cargo[c].output();
}// End of else
break;
case 3:
cout<<"\n\t\t Thanks.";
exit(0);
default:
cout<<"\n Invalid choice!!";
}// End of switch - case
}while(true);// End of do - while loop
return 0;
}// End of main function

Answer 1

Short Summary:

• Cargo cargo[MAX] would create objects in the stack memory.  
• The following would create objects in heap memory.

Cargo* cargo = new Cargo[MAX];

• Added friend function kilotopound and copy constructors.
• Changes made to the code are given in BOLD.
• Provided the output.

SOURCE CODE:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#define MAX 100
using namespace std;

// Defines a class to store cargo information
class Cargo
{
string uld;
string abbreviation;
string uldid;
int aircraft;
int weight;
string destination;
  
// Function to return true if the parameter no is within second parameter min and third parameter max
// otherwise returns false
bool valid(int no, int min, int max)
{
// Checks if no is greater than or equals to min and less than or equals to max return true
if(no >= min && no <= max)
return true;
// Otherwise returns false
else
return false;
}// End of function
  
public:
  
// default constructor, does nothing
Cargo(){
}
  
// Copy constructor
Cargo(const Cargo &c2) {
uld = c2.uld;
abbreviation = c2.abbreviation;
uldid = c2.uldid;
aircraft = c2.aircraft;
weight = c2.weight;
destination = c2.destination;
}
  
// friend function, kilotopound, which will convert kilograms to pounds
friend int kilotopound(Cargo c)
{
// return pounds
return (c.weight * 2.2);
}
  
  
// Function to accept cargo information from the user
void input()
{
int type, abb;
// Loops till valid unit load entered by the user
do
{
// Displays menu
cout<<"\n 1 - Container \t 2 - Pallet";
// Accepts unit load
cout<<"\n Enter the Unit Load: ";
cin>>type;
  
// Calls the function to validate input type
if(valid(type, 1, 2))
{
// Checks the type and assigns appropriate constant
if(type == 1)
uld = "Container";
else
uld = "Pallet";
  
// Come out of the loop
break;
}// End of if condition
  
// Otherwise invalid data displays error message and continue
else
cout<<"\n ERROR: Invalid type Unit Load. Try again.";
}while(true);// End of do - while loop
  
// Loops till valid container type entered by the user
do
{
// Checks if type is 1 then Container
if(type == 1)
{
// Displays menu
cout<<"\n Container type: \t 1 - AYF \t 2 - AYK \t 3 - AAA \t 4 - AYY ";
// Accepts abbreviation
cout<<"\n Enter the Abbreviation: ";
cin>>abb;
// Calls the function to validate input type
if(valid(abb, 1, 4))
{
// Checks the abb and assigns appropriate constant
if(abb == 1)
abbreviation = "AYF";
else if(abb == 2)
abbreviation = "AYK";
else if(abb == 3)
abbreviation = "AAA";
else if(abb == 4)
abbreviation = "AYY";
// Come out of the loop
break;
}// End of inner if condition
  
// Otherwise invalid data displays error message and continue
else
cout<<"\n ERROR: Invalid type Abbreviation. Try again.";
}// End of if outer condition
  
// Checks if type is 2 then Pallets
else if(type == 2)
{
// Displays menu
cout<<"\n Pallets type: \t 1 - PAG \t 2 - PMC \t 3 - PLA ";
cout<<"\n Enter the Abbreviation: ";
cin>>abb;
// Calls the function to validate input type
if(valid(abb, 1, 3))
{
// Checks the abb and assigns appropriate constant
if(abb == 1)
abbreviation = "PAG";
else if(abb == 2)
abbreviation = "PMC";
else if(abb == 3)
abbreviation = "PLA";
// Come out of the loop
break;
}// End of if condition
  
// Otherwise invalid data displays error message and continue
else
cout<<"\n ERROR: Invalid type Abbreviation. Try again.";
}// End of else if condition
}while(true);// End of do - while loop
  
// Loops till valid unit id entered by the user
do
{
string uid;
// Accepts uid
cout<<"\n Enter the Unit ID (5 digit): ";
cin>>uid;
// Checks if length of the uid is 5 then valid
if(uid.length() == 5)
{
// Checks if type is 1 then Container
if(type == 1)
{
// Checks the abb and concatenate constant with uid accordingly
if(abb == 1)
uldid = "AYF" + uid + "IB";
else if(abb == 2)
uldid = "AYK" + uid + "IB";
else if(abb == 3)
uldid = "AAA" + uid + "IB";
else
uldid = "AYY" + uid + "IB";
}// End of inner if condition
  
// Otherwise type is 2 for Pallets
else
{
// Checks the abb and concatenate constant with uid accordingly
if(abb == 1)
uldid = "PAG" + uid + "IB";
else if(abb == 2)
uldid = "PMC" + uid + "IB";
else
uldid = "PLA" + uid + "IB";
}// End of else
// Come out of the loop
break;
}// End of outer if condition
  
// Otherwise invalid data displays error message and continue
else
cout<<"\n ERROR: Invalid Unit ID. Try again.";
}while(true);// End of do - while loop
  
cout<<"\n Enter Aircraft type: ";
cin>>aircraft;
  
cout<<"\n Enter Weight: ";
cin>>weight;
  
// declare a variable to store userChoice of weight
int userWeightChoice;
  
// Prompting the user to select the unit of weight
cout <<"\nEnter 1 if weight is in kilograms or 2 if weight is in pounds: " <<endl;
// getting user userWeightChoice
cin >> userWeightChoice;
  
// if the weight choice selected by user is kilogram
if(userWeightChoice == 1){
// call friend function kilotopound
weight = kilotopound(*this);
}
  
// Loops till valid destination entered by the user
do
{
// Accepts destination
cout<<"\n Enter Destination (3 characters): ";
cin>>destination;
  
// Checks if length of the destination is 3 then valid
if(destination.length() == 3)
// Come out of the loop
break;
  
// Otherwise invalid data displays error message and continue
else
cout<<"\n ERROR: Invalid Destination. Try again.";
}while(true);// End of do - while loop
}// End of function

// Function to display cargo information
void output()
{
cout<<"\n ******************";
cout<<"\n\t Unit Load: "<<uld;
cout<<"\n\t Abbreviation: "<<abbreviation;
cout<<"\n\t Unit ID: "<<uldid;
cout<<"\n\t Aircraft Type: "<<aircraft;
cout<<"\n\t Weight: "<<weight;
cout<<"\n\t Destination: "<<destination;
cout<<"\n ******************";
}// End of function
};// End of structure

// main function definition
int main()
{
  
// Create object1
cout << "Enter values for object1" << endl;
Cargo object1;
object1.input();
  
// create ibject 2 using copy constructor
Cargo object2 = object1;
  
//print both
cout << "Object1" << endl;
object1.output();
cout << endl << "Object2 creating using copy constructor" << endl;
object2.output();
  
  
// Creates an array object of class cargo
Cargo cargo[MAX];
// To store number of records
int counter = 0;
// To store user choice
int choice;

// Loops till user choice is not 3
do
{
// Displays menu
cout<<"\n ******** MENU **********";
cout<<"\n\t 1 - Input Cargo Information \n\t 2 - Display Cargo Information \n\t 3 - Exit";
// Accepts user choice
cout<<"\n\t\t What is your choice? ";
cin>>choice;
  
// Checks user choice and calls appropriate function
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
// Checks if current record counter is equals to MAX then display error message
// list full
if(counter == MAX)
cout<<"\n ERROR: Full List. Can not add.";
  
else
{
// Calls the function to accept cargo data
cargo[counter++].input();
}// End of else
break;
case 2:
// Checks if current record counter is equals to 0 then display error message
// empty list
if(counter == 0)
cout<<"\n ERROR: Nothing to display. Empty list.";
else
{
for(int c = 0; c < counter; c++)
// Calls the function to display data
cargo[c].output();
}// End of else
break;
case 3:
cout<<"\n\t\t Thanks.";
exit(0);
default:
cout<<"\n Invalid choice!!";
}// End of switch - case
}while(true);// End of do - while loop
  
return 0;
}// End of main function

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter values for objecti 1 - Container 2 - Pallet Enter the Unit Load: 1 2 - AYK 3 - AAA 4 - AYY Container type: 1 - AYF Enter the Abbreviation: 2 Enter the Unit ID (5 digit): 68941 Enter Aircraft type: 737 Enter Weight: 1654 Enter 1 if weight is in kilograms or 2 if weight is in pounds: 1 Enter Destination (3 characters): PDX Objecti Unit Load: Container Abbreviation: AYK Unit ID: AYK689411B Aircraft Type: 737 Weight: 3638 Destination: PDX ******* Object2 creating using copy constructor ** ** ***** Unit Load: Container Abbreviation: AYK Unit ID: AYK689411B Aircraft Type: 737 Weight: 3638 Destination: PDX *

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