Question

28. (correlation with a negative Z score). Consider a population of sharks with a mean body length of 10 m and a standard deviation of 1 m. The mean body weight is 5 tons with a standard deviation of 1 ton. The correlation between body length and body weight is 0.5. What is the expected mean weight of sharks that measure 8 m long? a. 7 tons b. 6 tons c. 5 tons d. 4 tons e. 3 tons B16 29. What are the factors that contribute to genetic variance? Express this relationship in an equation 30. What are the factors that contribute to environmental variance? Express this relationship in an equation. 31. What are the factors that contribute to phenotypic variance? Express this relationship in an equation. 32. What is broad-sense heritability? a) What does a broad-sense heritability of zero mean? b) What does a broad-sense heritability of one mean? 33. What is narrow-sense heritability? 34. What is useful about narrow-sense heritability in relation to selection and evolution? 35. Assume that a continuous phenotype is influenced by genes and environment, so that Vp Vg + Ve. If the phenotype is measured in meters, what units are used to measure the "genetic variance" Vg? a. The number of contributing genes b. The number of contributing genes squared c. Meters d. Meters squared tion?

Answer 1

(0) what are the factors that contribute to genetic variance ? Express this relationship in an equation. Ans: The factores contributes to genetic variance are additive variance (VA), dominance variance (VD) and epistatic variance (V1). The equation that states Genetic variation can be seven by , genetic variation (Vor) = VA + VD + Vi / (@ what are the factors that contrubute to environmental variance ? Express this relationehip an equation. Ane: The factors that contribute to environmental variance (Eg) (ES) are subcategorized En to specific environmental variance CVE) Peneral enviromental variance EVEg) and genotype by envercoment interaction CVGXE). The equation stating above statement es. Onverwommen tal variation (VE) - Veg + VGyXETVE

(@) what are the factors that contrubute to phenotypic variance ? Express this relationship in equation Ans the factores con trebating to phenotypie Variance Cup) are Genetic sources (VG). and Enverconmental sources (VE). It can be expressed in equation : Phenotypic variance Cvp) = VG+ VE! (Q) what a broad sense herutability ? (a) What does broad sense herritability of zero mean? c) what does a broad sence herritability of one mean? Ans: Broad sence heritability is the reatio of cytotal genetic variance to total phenotypic varuance (pe. e) 42 = valve of zero (as he herritability is a broad" sence can be the reatio of total genetic variance to total phenotypic variance that has a genetic component with no relation between parents and off spring 6) Broad sense herutabelêty of one can esclude the estunate of the hercitability of a trait which is specufic to one population in one enveronment! page 21 (+12)

(a) what & parrow sense heritability 2 Ans: The ratio of additive genetic variance (VA) to the total phenotypic variance (vp) is called as narrow sense kercitability Ch? 122 = Valvel [page 3 l