Question

if shown a tree! 40. Can you recognize mono- para- and poly-phyletic groups How have oxygen levels varied over time, and what affects did that have on life? 2. You have a fossil with a fraction of 1ugh unstable parent to stable daughter isotope, with a does it belong to? half-life of 12 million years. How old is your fossil? Which era 43 Be able to complete this table Dominant taxonomic Era Time period Major physical conditions Nw taxonomic groupsBirds, then Humans! mammals 250-65 mya O at approach and sometimes higher than present. Continents start apart and then merge Precambrian 44. What events are most likely the causes of the Permian and K-T extinctions? 45. What factors may have suppressed diversification of large multicellular animals before the Cambrian Explosion? 46. What is the significance of the origin of flowering plants for biodiversity? 47. How do plate tectonics sometimes lead to massive extinctions? Prokaryotes 1. What traits to all organisms (prokaryotes and eukaryotes) share? 2. Be able to understand the arguments against a separate Class Aves and a separate Domain Eukarya from paraphyly. 3. What do gram-positive and negative refer to? 4 What do high and low GC refer to? 5 What is the dormant form and some representative examples of low-GC bacteria? gram-positive

Answer 1

J-k Mono p hylati ulatic Taxon Para plai auteb

In the phylogenetic tree we can analyse monophyletic, polyphyletic and paraphylatic groups by observing the tree. Relation between anscestoral and descendent species are considered for analysis of these 3 conditions.

Monophyletic: when one ancestor and all of its descendent are considered for the grouping of taxa we call them monophyletic.

Mono - means one

Polyphyletic: group of organisms or species which are derived from more then one common evolutionary anscestor or anscentoral group. They are not assumed to place in same group.

Paraphylatic groups: Descendent with its one most common anscestoral group are known as paraphylatic groups. But they do not involve all of the descendants.

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