A synthetic water was prepared which consist of 1.5 mM CaSO4 (3 meq/l Ca2+, 3 meq/l SO4), 1mM MgSO4 (2 meq/l mg2+, 2 meq/l SO4), and 4 mM NaHCO3 (4 meq/l Na+, 4 meq/l HCO3)
1 |
2 |
3 |
|
CaO (mg) |
0 |
102 |
56 |
Na2CO3 (mg) |
0 |
86 |
0 |
What is the “theoretical” hardness and alkalinity for each solution after softening and filtration but before recarbonation?
A synthetic water was prepared which consist of 1.5 mM CaSO4 (3 meq/l Ca2+, 3 meq/l...
The following water quality data are available for a community Water quality Ca2+ = 60 mg/l (as species) Mg2+ = 40 mg/l (as species) HCO3- = 220 mg/l as CaCO3 CO2 = 7 mg/l (as species) pH = 7.6 Final desired hardness = 80 mg/l as CaCO3. The flow rate of the treatment plant is 0.24 m3/s. a. Calculate the total, carbonate, and non-carbonate hardness b. Calculate the amount of lime (as mg/l of CaO) needed to soften the water...
A new water treatment facility will be built to supply water to the town of Freemont. The town’s population is currently 14,000 and the per capita water use is 100 gal per day. The new facility will be designed to account for increases in both per capita water use and population growth, and projections for water use will be determined for fifty years in the future. The population of the town of Freemont grows at an average rate of 2%...