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Q2.3. (15%) Consider sending a file of F bytes over a path of Q links. Each link transmits at R bps. The network is lightly loaded so that there are no queuing delays at any link. The propagation delay on each link is Tp seconds on average. 1. Suppose the network is a packet-switched virtual-circuit network. Assume the VC setup time is Ts seconds. Suppose the sending layers add a total of h bits of header to the file, and the size of each packet is P. How many packets are needed to send the file? How long does it take to send all the packets from source to destination? 2. Suppose the network is a packet-switched datagram network and a connectionless service is used. Now suppose the size of each packet is HP including 2h bits of header. How many packets are needed to send the file? How long does it take to send the file to its destination? 3. Finally, suppose that the network is a circuit-switched network. Further suppose that the transmission rate of the circuit between source and destination is R bps. Assuming Ts setup time and h bits of header appended to the file, how long does it take to send the file to its destination?

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