Consider the sequence {xn} that is recursively defined by x1 = 1, x2 = 2, xn+1 = xn + xn−1, n ≥ 2.
(a) Show that { xn+1/xn } is a Cauchy sequence.
(b) Find limn→∞ (xn+1/xn) .
Consider the sequence {xn} that is recursively defined by x1 = 1, x2 = 2, xn+1 = xn + xn−1, n ≥ 2.(a) Show that { xn+1 xn } is a Cauchy sequence. (b) Find limn→∞ xn+1 xn .
Let the sequence X be defined recursively by x1 = 1 and Xn+1 = Xn + (-1)-1 for n 2 1. Then X n is a decreasing sequence. an increasing sequence. a Cauchy sequence either increasing or decreasing. QUESTION 12 Check if the following statement is true or false: COS n The sequence is divergent. True False
Let X1, X2,...be a sequence of random variables. Suppose that Xn?a in probability for some a ? R. Show that (Xn) is Cauchy convergent in probability, that is, show that for all > 0 we have P(|Xn?Xm|> )?0 as n,m??.Is the converse true? (Prove if “yes”, find a counterexample if “no”)
Xo Xo Problem 1. Show that the recursively-defined sequence x*i-x, - gives the sequence of x-values described in this procedure, as follows: (a) Write the linear approximation 1 (x) to the curve at the point (Xn,f(xn). (b) Find where this linear approximation passes through the x-axis by solving L(x)0 for x. xn + 1-1,-I n). is the recursion formula for Newton's Method. : Xo Xo Problem 1. Show that the recursively-defined sequence x*i-x, - gives the sequence of x-values described...
2. Exercise 2. Consider the sequence (xn)n≥1 defined by xn = Xn k=1 cos(k) k + n2 = cos(1) 1 + n2 + cos(2) 2 + n2 + · · · + cos(n) n + n2 . (a) Use the triangle inequality to prove that |xn| ≤ n 1 + n2 for all n ≥ 1. (b) Use (a) and the -definition of limit to show that limn→∞ xn = 0. Exercise 2. Consider the sequence (In)n> defined by cos(k)...
4. (20 pts) Let {xn} be a Cauchy sequence. Show that a) (5 pts) {xn} is bounded. Hint: See Lecture 4 notes b) (5 pts) {Jxn} is a Cauchy sequence. Hint: Use the following inequality ||x| - |y|| < |x - y|, for all x, y E R. _ subsequence of {xn} and xn c) (5 pts) If {xnk} is a See Lecture 4 notes. as k - oo, then xn OO as n»oo. Hint: > d) (5 pts) If...
4 Consider the sequence () defined by, (a) Using 2, find r2 and r3 and express the results as true rational numbers. (b) Use induction to show that if xi є Q, then xnE Q for all n є N. (c) Prove, using induction, that if 2 x1 3, then 2 xn 3 for all n є N by showing i) 2 < rn < 3 implies that n+13 ii 2 S n 5/2 implies that 2 n+ i) 5/2...
9. In many cases where a sequence of random variables converges in probability to some b, this b will be either the expected value or the limit of the expected values of the variables. However, this is not generally true. (a) Consider a sequence of random variables where for each n, xn comes from this distribution with P(Xn = n) = 1/n and P(Xn = 0) = 1 - 1/n. Find limn+ E(Xn). (b) Find the value b such that...
Consider a sequence of random variables X1, ..., Xn, ..., where for each n, Xn~ tn. We will use Slutsky's Theorem to show that as the degrees of freedom go to infinity, the distribution converges to a standard normal. (a) Let V1, ..., Vn, ... be such that Vn ~ X2. Find the value b such that Vn/n þy b. (b) Letting U~ N(0,1), show that In = ☺ ~tn and that Tn "> N(0,1). VVn/n
Fibonacci sequence: Cauchy-Binet formula Let (Fn)n be the Fibo- nacci sequence defined recursively by F1 = F2 = 1 and Fn = Fn−1 + Fn−2In this way it all reduces to computing a high power of a 2 × 2 matrix. How can you compute an arbitrary power of a matrix and can you come up with the Cauchy-Binet formula from here?