Question

Here are visual representations (ball-and-stick and space-filling models) of four molecules: carbon dioxide, oxygen, water, and ozone. 

Part 1

Which of these molecules contain polar bonds, and which contain nonpolar bonds? Sort the images accordingly.

Part 2

Which of these four molecules is nonpolar despite the fact that it contains polar bonds?

Choose one:

A. carbon dioxide

B. oxygen

C. water

D. ozone

Part 3

Which of these four molecules is polar and contains polar bonds?

Choose one:

A. carbon dioxide

B. oxygen

C. Water

D. ozone

Part 4

Which of these four molecules is polar despite the fact that it does not contain any polar bonds?

Choose one:

A. carbon dioxide

B. oxygen

C. Water

D. ozone

Answer 1

Part 1

$$ \begin{array}{|l|l|} \hline \text { Polar bonds } & \text { Non-polar bonds } \\ \hline \text { water } & \text { oxygen } \\ \hline \text { Carbon dioxide } & \text { ozone } \\ \hline \end{array} $$

Polar bonds occur due to difference in electronegativity.

Part 2. Carbon dioxide is the molecule having polar bonds but the molecule is itself a non-polar. Since, carbon dioxide makes a linear shape, therefore, the polarity from the opposites oxygen atoms cancels out and the molecule becomes non-polar.

Part \(3 .\) Water is a molecule which contains polar bonds and is a polar molecule itself. The shape of the molecule is bent. Therefore, the polarity from oxygen atoms gets add up and give a resultant polar character.

Part 4 . Ozone is the molecule having polar character despite having non-polar bonds. Ozone molecule exists in three resonance forms and delocalization of lone pairs and pi-electrons makes the molecule a polar molecule.