Part A:
Here, use Newton's second law to find the acceleration of the sled.
We have -
ma = mg - T
And, ma = mg - Ma
So, from the above two euations -
a = mg / (m+M) = (30*9.81) / (30+140) = 1.73 m/s^2
Part B:
The force exerted on the sled and on the rock -
T = Ma = 140*1.73 = 242.4 N
Part C:
For the time interval -
s = ut + (1/2)*at^2
=> 10 = 0 + 0.5*1.73*t^2
=> t = sqrt(10/(0.5*1.73)) = 3.40 s.
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