The maximum amount of salt that can be dissolved in water at 0C is approximately 350g/L. Calculate the freezing temperature of the saturated solution.
Answer:
The saturated salt solution contains 350 g per Litre of solution.
The density of saturated salt solution = 1.2 g / mL
therefore 1 L of saturated solution weighs 1200 g
it contains 350 g solute
Therefore the solution is a mixture of 350 g solute + 850 g sovent
moles of solute = 350 / 58.45 = 6 moles
mass of solvent = 0.850 Kg
molality of the solution = moles of solute / Kg of solvent
= 6 / 0.850 = 7 mole / Kg
Hence molality = 7
We know that Kf for water = 1.86 K-Kg/mol
Kf, molality, and depression in freezing point are related by the equation
T
= m Kf
= 7 mol / Kg x 1.86 K - Kg/Mol
= 13 K
Hence the freezing temperature of the saturated solution = 0 -13 deg C = -13 deg C
or 273 - 13 = 260 K
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