Question

please help in all sections asap!

Chapter 16 & 17: Carbohydrate Energetics (1) Consider glycolysis, the connecting step and the TCA cycle, and write out in detail (names/structures) the steps where ATP is consumed (used as a reactant/substrate/co- substrate). (2) Consider glycolysis, the connecting step and the TCA cycle, and write out in detail (names/structures) the steps where ATP is produced (made as a product/co-product). (3) Consider glycolysis, the connecting step and the TCA cycle, and write out in detail (names/structures) the steps where NADH/H+ is produced. (4) Consider glycolysis, the connecting step and the TCA cycle, and write out in detail (names/structures) the steps where FADH2 is produced.

Answer 1

Chapter 16 & 17: Carbohydrate Energetics

(1) Consider glycolysis, the connecting step and the TCA cycle, and write out in detail (name/structures) the steps where ATP is consumed (used as a reactant/ substrate/ co-substrate).

Sol: ATP is consumed in the following steps. Step: Hexokinase. nie op Lolt ¢ 12 0-1 ATP APP / HAHA WI KOH VOM KĽK Ito 7 HB T oH OH Gilulose Gilucose 6-phosphate. Step : Phosphofructokinase POHL ATP ADP À CH₂OP \ CH2014 DOHC MH HOX AL HO. HKOH YOL HV CH H OH Scann Fructose 6-phosphate CamScanner Fructase 1,6 - Biphosphate

(2) Consider glycolysis, the connecting step and the TCA cycle, and write out in detail (name/structures) the steps where ATP is produced (made as a product/ co-product).

following steps. Sol: ATP is produced in the Step: Phosphoglyceratekinase a op RADP RATP U- l нс —DH HK-OHO- HC-OP 1,3- Bisphosphoglycerate HC-op 3-phosphoglycerate step: Pyruvate kinase i üzo 2ADP 2ATP cco Ć-OP CH3 CH2 phosphoeno pyruvate Pyruvate Scanned with CamScanner

coo- - H - م 6- co0 H -C-H ATP ADP V OC-SCOA succinate Succinyl CoA CamScanner

(3) Consider glycolysis, the connecting step and the TCA cycle, and write out in detail (name/structures) the steps where NADH/H+  is produced.

Sol: NADH/H+ is produced by the following steps Step: Gtly wraldehyde Phosphate Dehydrogenase 1- с - он CH2OP H-C-OH t Hac-op NADH/H+ "",3 - Bis phospho NADA Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate glycerate CH3-C-cool Pyruvate Hoc-i-scoa Pyruvate hot wat het acetyl col" NAD H-c-cool - H-c-coo دمانی با It C-6 H <-coop OH is ocitrate N ADE NADH/H7 osmo a-ketoglypulārale H- C-Coo H-L-60. H-C-lt | - - H , Loo- I C-woo NADT NADH/47 cc-scoa a-ketoglutarate succinyl coa Öze-200- H --Coo? - Beach H- m H malate NADT NADH/4+ oxaloacetate Scanned with CamScanner I H

(4) Consider glycolysis, the connecting step and the TCA cycle, and write out in detail (name/structures) the steps where FADH2 is produced.

sol: FADH2 is produced by the following step: I- -c-cooo H-C- Coo 11. Gooc-c-H H-c-coole FAD FADHg famarate CS Scasuccinate CamScanner