Question

1. The normal (indigenous) microbiota of an animal body does all of the following except: A. Antagonizes pathogens. B. Helps in training and development of the host immune system C. Contributes to nutrition and normal physiology. D. Contributes to normal anatomy. E. The indigenous microbiota does all of the above. 2. Which of the following is false concerning the unique properties of microbes? The oldest fossils are microbes. B. The smallest living cells are viruses. C. Bacteria may be chemoheterotrophs, photoheterotrophs, photoautotrophs, or chemolithoautotrophs. D. The oldest living organisms are certain microbes. All of the above are true. 3. Concerning "New Biotechnology", which of the following is false? New Biotechnology is also called genetic engineering. B. Facilitated by restriction endonucleases, PCR and other microbiological tools." Commonly uses the bacterium Escherichia coli and the yeast Candida albicans to produce useful gene products. D. Human insulin, blood clotting factors (for hemophilia), etc. are produced by microbes. All of the above are true. 4. Which of the following is mismatched concerning innate and adaptive immunity? A. Adaptive::Specific response to microbe B. Innate::Has memory and tolerance C. Innate::Includes "first line of defenses D. Adaptive::Slower to respond Innate::Phagocytic cells 5. Which of the following is false concerning the STDs chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis? A. Are on the rise in the US with the greatest #ever of combined reported cases. B. Symptoms of routine chlamydial & gonococcal infections in males are similar, likewise the characteristics of the infections in females are similar. Babies are infected in utero with all three and are bom with the disease. D. Untreated syphilis produces the most severe consequences. Transmission of these STDs unlikely by toilet seats.

Answer 1

1. The normal (indigenous) microbiota of an animal body does E. all of the above.

Normal microbiota antagonize pathogens through the production of substances which inhibit or kill nonindigenous species.

They play a fundamental role on the induction, training and function of the host immune system. The immune system has evolved as a means to maintain the symbiotic relationship of the host with these highly diverse and evolving microbes.

They perform nutritional function in the human body. They also influence anatomy and physiology maintaining a balance.