Question

4. You are working in the emergency department of a regional hospital in rural Kentucky. A patient is brought in by emergency medical technicians (EMTS). Their initial report is suspected meningitis because the patient has a headache and stiff neck. The EMTs add that the patient's meningitis symptoms appear rather mild - he still has neck movement, and the headaches are not severe. The patient's overall condition is poor, however. He is very thin, has dark sots on his face and upper body and open bloody-looking eruptions on his lips. His fever is 104-F, and his blood pressure is low. He also has severe diarrhea. a. What is the first step in determining if the patient has meningitis? b. This test reveals the presence of very large cells that appear to be eukaryotic, surrounded by a large capsule. What is the probable diagnosis? Name some other eukaryotic organisms that can cause meningitis symptoms. c. What groups of people are at risk for this infection? d. How is it acquired? e. What anatomical sites are most often infected with this fungus? f. Let's say your initial suspicion (your answer to question 2) was correct. What other diagnostic test should be performed on this patient?

Answer 1

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a Ans - Initial symptoms may included fever, headache and uneasyness.Even pale skin , cold hands followed by rashes on body and stiffness of neck can be observed. CSF test (Cerebrospinal fluid test) - Fluid from spine is collected by docters and further examine/screening is done in lab

b Ans -Diagnosis can be done by Blood cultures which reveals the growth and clony characterisitcs of bacteria under microscope.If sample is postive then can be treated by intravenous antibiotics which will reduce the complications of brian swelling as well as seizures for speedy recover.

c.Ans -Meningitis mostly affect infants having age 6 months to 18 months.ALso Children below 5 years in age group.Meningitis can also affect anyone regardless of primary age group.

d.Ans - Major cause of Meningitis are Hospital acquired and Brain injury. a) nosocomial infection (Hospital acquired infection) -When bacteria invades the body via inhalation , through wounds and during surgeries. b) Brain injury -Bacterial meningitis inavdes the meningies of brain which result in brain damage as well as neurological damage

e.Ans -Brain region is largerly affected in Meningitis conditions.

f,Ans -Other Diagnostics such as CT ,MRI SCAN can be performed to reveal the presence of brain swelling.