Question

1. Map out the central dogma of molecular biology in tandem with the endomembrane system. Sketch out/ use a flowchart to illustrate the central dogma in parallel with all relevant organelles/ organelle systems tracing the path of secretion of a new membrane protein.

Answer 1

The Central Dogma theory of molecular biology was proposed by Crick which also yielded him a nobel prize award. It stated the mechanism that :

DNA is the parent molecule having all the genetic information of the cell ,DNA in the nucleus codes of RNA ,this process is known as Transcription which takes place inside the nucleus .The formed RNA after post transcription modification moves into the cytoplasm .Now comes its interaction with endomembrane of GERL system which comprises of Golgi apparatus ,endoplasmic reticulum,ribosome $lysosome .The newly formed RNA which comes into the cytoplasm attaches itself to the endoplasmic reticulum where with the use of ribosomal machinery protein synthesis takes place .This process is known as Translation and it takes place in the cytoplasm .

Proteins then for its post translational modification are packed in vesicles and are transported to the Golgi apparatus where glycosylation and other modifications of proteins takes place .

Lysosome plays its role when there is a need of degradation of the formed protein .