Question

1.) Sperm from the head of the epididymis can fertilize ova by themselves, while sperm from the tail of the epididymis cannot.

a. True

b. False

2.) Functional sperm cells have, among other features, an acrosome containing enzymes like hyaluronidase, which breaks down the outer coat of the unfertilized ovum to penetrate it's membrane.

a. True

b. False

3.) Identify the FALSE statement describing cervical mucus:

a. Spinnbarkeit is the thick mass which forms to block movement of sperm

b. at ovulation, mucus thins to help sperm enter the uterus

c. mucus changes in consistency throughout the menstrual cycle.

4.) Seminal fluid contains:

a. pH buffers which neutralize acids in the vagina

b. prostaglandins to stimulate smooth muscle contraction

c. sugars to provide sperm with energy for motility

d. all of these

5.)Semen is the combination of sperm cells and seminal plasma; the majority of volume in semen is the sperm cells.

a. True

b. False

6.) Sertoli cells perform each of the following functions EXCEPT

a. nurture sperm

b. produce inhibin

c. produce ABP (Androgen Binding Protein)

d. produce androgens (such as testosterone)

7.) With parental consent, a newborn infant with ambiguous genitalia undergoes reconstructive surgery to align the baby’s external anatomy with its biological sex at birth, as determined by the baby’s doctor.

As the child grows, they begin to express feelings of gender distress.

During prepubescence, the parents are supportive of their child's desire to ‘socially transition’ by taking on a name, pronoun, style of dress that matches their gender identity, while encouraged to express any gender ‘atypical’ behavior without limits or shame.

Once in high school, the child's social history is reviewed by a school psychologist who has determined that in adolescence, they now experience lower than average levels of anxiety and depression among their peers.

This is an example of:

a. Experimental research

b. Correlation study

c. Prospective study

d. Case study

8.) A sample group of 25 individuals who express gender ‘atypical’ behaviors as children opt to take sex hormone blocking medications to delay onset of puberty; this allows them several more years as adolescents to decide whether to take estrogen or testosterone and to go through the puberty that matches their gender identity.

After completion of their chosen course of puberty, these individuals are followed for the next 15 years to monitor their long-term mental health outcomes. This is an example of:

a. Case study

b. Prospective study

c. Experimental research

d. Correlation study

Answer 1

1. The statement is wrong, because, when sperms first enter in to head they are not yet mature and can't swim. But by the time they reach tail, they are mature and capable of swimming. So they can reach and fertilize with ovum.

2. It is true.

Acrosome produces sperm lysins. One of the sperm lysins is hyaluronidase which dissolves the hyaluronic acid present between the granulosa cells of the outer layer of the ovum.

3. a. False statement.

Spinnbarkeit mucus is slippery and stretchy mucus of egg white quality which allows the sperm to reach the ovum.

4. d. All are correct.

Semen provides nutrition, manages the pH by neutralizing the acidic secretions in the vagina, also stimulates the smooth muscle contractions which help in movement.

5. False statement.

Semen has secretions of number of glands along with sperms. So most of the volume is due to the liquids poured by the glands. Sperms constitute only 10% of the semen.

6. D. Adrogen production.

Sertoli cells nourish the sperms. They secrete inhibin and androgen binding protein. But they do not produce testosterone which is an androgen,