Question

How do homologous chromosomes help prevent cancer when mutation occur in gene?

Answer 1

Homologous chromosomes are those which have same genes at same position. The alleles may or may not be different. If the alleles are same then the genotypes is called as homozygous and if they are different than the genotypes called as heterozygous. Out of the two alleles for a gene, one is dominant over the other which is the recessive allele

If an organism is having a heterozygous genotypes for a gene then, whenever mutation occurs in dominant allele, then there is a genetic disorder but if is it occurs in recessive allele, then there is no genetic disorder. Similarly if there is a dominant mutation in Camper causing green, then it will lead to the development of Cancer but if it is a recessive mutation, then it will be masked by dominant allele and there will be no cancer.

This is possible only because of the presence of homologous chromosomes, which have two alleles for a gene.

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