Why might a signaling pathway want to use activated calmodulin to induce the pathway instead of...
Why might a signaling pathway want to use activated calmodulin to induce the pathway instead of binding Ca2+ directly to the enzyme complex?
Homework Answers
Calmodulin(caM) is an important calcium sensor protein. CaM is used to bind calcium ion and then a target ion affecting it's activity. Thus it is wanted by a signalling pathway to be used to induce the pathway instaed of binding ca2+ directly to the enzyme complex.
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Why might a signaling pathway want to use activated calmodulin
to induce the pathway instead of...
The enzyme Phosphokinase C (PKC) is activated via a signaling cascade that begins with the action...
The enzyme Phosphokinase C (PKC) is activated via a signaling cascade that begins with the action of the enzyme Phospholipase C in a cell membrane. The following chemical entities are involved in this cascade: i) Ca2+ ii) IP3 iii) Diacylglycerol Which of these is/are directly involved in binding to PKC? A. i) B. ii) C. iii) D. i) and iii) E. ii) and iii)
Activity 4. Receptor signaling pathway A model of a G protein receptor signaling pathway is represented...
Activity 4. Receptor signaling pathway A model of a G protein receptor signaling pathway is represented below. Activation of the signaling pathway results in a cell secreting a neurotransmitter through exocytosis. Activated - Activated adenylyl receptor cyclase GTP АТР CAMP Active G protein Protein- kinase A Inactive Active Protein targets Phosphate group A. Different steps in a signaling pathway can amplify the initial signal of one ligand binding to one receptor. Choose one step in the pathway below that results...
4) A signaling pathway proceeds through three protein kinases that are sequentially activated by phosphorylation. In...
4) A signaling pathway proceeds through three protein kinases that are sequentially activated by phosphorylation. In one case, the kinases are held in a signaling complex by a scaffold protein. In the other, the kinases are freely diffusing. Discuss the properties of these two types of organization in terms of the signal amplification, speed, and potential cross talk between signaling pathways. (10 Points)
Diagram 1: Pathway off - No Signal Present Self Renewal Pathway activated by signal binding event...
Diagram 1: Pathway off - No Signal Present Self Renewal Pathway activated by signal binding event activates Question 2 Use the basic signaling diagram (Diagram 1) to answer the following questions: Do you agree with each of these statements? Yes or no, why or why not? A. TK1 activates TK2 by transferring a phosphate from ATP to TK2 B. Before the cell is exposed to signal, TK1 is phosphorylated C. RNA polymerase is phosphorylated by TFa. D. Binding of signal...
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32. Study the signaling pathway illustrated below, which involves two different receptors. Assume that a protein...
32. Study the signaling pathway illustrated below, which involves two different receptors. Assume that a protein is active only when it is activated, but not inhibited, by its upstream signaling molecules. Activation and inhibition are indicated by normal and blunt arrows, respectively. Assume that the transcription regulator can be activated by either the binding protein or the kinase that are immediately upstream of the transcription factor. Under which of the following conditions will the expression of target:gene "X" be induced?...
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Give one reason why we might want to have every generation use up exactly the same...
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Activity 4. Receptor signaling pathway A model of a G protein receptor signaling pathway is represented below. Activation of the signaling pathway results in a cell secreting a neurotransmitter through exocytosis. Activated - Activated adenylyl receptor cyclase GTP АТР CAMP Active G protein Protein- kinase A Inactive Active Protein targets Phosphate group A. Different steps in a signaling pathway can amplify the initial signal of one ligand binding to one receptor. Choose one step in the pathway below that results...
4) A signaling pathway proceeds through three protein kinases that are sequentially activated by phosphorylation. In one case, the kinases are held in a signaling complex by a scaffold protein. In the other, the kinases are freely diffusing. Discuss the properties of these two types of organization in terms of the signal amplification, speed, and potential cross talk between signaling pathways. (10 Points)
Diagram 1: Pathway off - No Signal Present Self Renewal Pathway activated by signal binding event activates Question 2 Use the basic signaling diagram (Diagram 1) to answer the following questions: Do you agree with each of these statements? Yes or no, why or why not? A. TK1 activates TK2 by transferring a phosphate from ATP to TK2 B. Before the cell is exposed to signal, TK1 is phosphorylated C. RNA polymerase is phosphorylated by TFa. D. Binding of signal...
32. Study the signaling pathway illustrated below, which involves two different receptors. Assume that a protein is active only when it is activated, but not inhibited, by its upstream signaling molecules. Activation and inhibition are indicated by normal and blunt arrows, respectively. Assume that the transcription regulator can be activated by either the binding protein or the kinase that are immediately upstream of the transcription factor. Under which of the following conditions will the expression of target:gene "X" be induced?...
Give one reason why we might want to have every generation use up exactly the same amount of a resource. Why might we want earlier generations to use more? Why might we want to save some for future generations?
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