How does an imbalance of Cl- and Na+ ions affect the flow of water by osmosis into the lumen from the extracellular space?
Hi! Greetings from Chegg.
First of all we need to know what is osmosis.
Osmosis is movement of water from low solute concentration to high solute concentration through a semi permeable membrane.
That means if we have two chambers with a semi-permeable membrane(SPM) joining the two chambers and concentration of solute(say NaCl in this case) differs in both the chambers.
The SPM only allows water to pass. So water will move from low solute concentration to high solute concentration to dilute it.
Now lets get to the question.
If the extra cellular space contain high concentration of Na+ and Cl- than the Lumen,then water will move from lumen to extracellular space and vice versa.
There are many mechanisms in body for eg: in kidney,there are various transporters which maintain the imbalance(not balance) between the extracellular space and lumen for water reabsorption or excretion from tubules.
Like the Na+ Cl- symporter which moves Cl- into the extracellular fluid down its electrochemical gradient and along with it Na+ also moves. Due to this water moves into the Extracellular fluid.
Hope this is helpful.
Feel free to ask any doubt.
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