Question

1.     Trees can be organized in a myriad of ways. Select the tree style “dendrogram” (a term synonymous with “cladogram”)

a.How did the tree’s appearance change?

b.Have any of the relationships in the tree changed?  If so, which ones?

c. You probably noticed the cladogram or dendrogram has all the organisms aligned at the right side of the diagram.  What does the horizontal variation in the location (or “branch lengths”) of organisms in the original phylogeny indicate?

The position on phylogrm

Indiv_2 -- Indiv_8 Indiv_7 Indiv_6 Indiv_5 Indiv_3 Indiv_10 Indiv_1 Indiv_9 Indiv_4 Indiv_11

the position on Dendrogram

Answer 1

Before giving the answers, let's first understand the difference between these two types of patterns

Phylogram is an addictive tree depicting relationships between terminal along with additional information in that edge lengths are drawn proportional to some attribute such as amount of change.

Dendrogram is an ultrametric tree (special kind of additive tree), where all pendant vertices (the "tips" or terminal nodes) are equidistant from the root.

Answer 1. There is no major change in the tree formation. The only change is that the branch lengths are completely drawn.

Answer 2. No, there is no change in any relationship. The difference in two phylogeny patterns is only the details of branch lengths.

Answer 3.

The branch length depict evolutionary time (directly or as divergence with a molecular clock). The leaves of these phylogenetic trees are called Operational Taxonomic Units or OUTs. When two leaves stem from the same branch point, they are sister taxa.