Question

genetics

Help Extranuclear inheritance Match the following terms with the best description 1. Inheritance of organellar genetic material Click to select) 2. Inheritance that occurs because the chloroplasts are inherited only through the cytoplasm of the egg to select 3. A cell may contain more than one type of chloroplast or mitochondria Click to select O 4. Location of chromosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts Click to select) 5. Paternal parent may occasionally provide mitochondria via the sperm Click to select 6. The mode of mitochondrial transmission in most species Click to select) 7. Inheritance patterns that are the result of DNA and chromosomal modifications that occur during oogenesis, spermatogenesis, or early stages of embryogenesis Click to select) 8.Inheritance in which a segment of DNA is marked, and that mark is retained and recognized throughout the life of the organism Inheriting the marked DNA Click to select)

Answer 1

Sol.

(1)

Extranuclear inheritance is the transfer if genes that occurs outside the nucleus. It occurs in most of the eukaryotes, during fertilization, mitochondria are transmitted to the offsprings via eggs.

So, inheritance of extracellular genetic material refers to extranuclear inheritance.

(2)

Maternal inheritance is the inheritance when mother contributes to the transfer of organellar genetic material to the offsprings. Maternal mitochondria and chloroplast are transmitted to the offspring during fertilization via egg.

So, Inheritance that occurs because the Chloroplasts are inherited only through the cytoplasm of the egg refers to maternal inheritance.

(3)

A cell may contain more than one type of chloroplast or mitochondria, this condition refers to heteroplasmy.

(4) The location of chromosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts is nucleoid.

(5)

So, Paternal parent may occasionally provide mitochondria via sperm it refers to paternal leakage.

(6)

The mode of mitochondrial transmission in most species is maternal inheritance.

(8)

Epigenetic inheritence is the transmission of epigenetic markers from one organism to the next i.e. from parent to child that affects the trait of offsprings without affecting the primary structure of DNA i.e. sequence of DNA (epigenetically).

So, inheritance in which a sequence of DNA is marked and that mark is retained and recognized throughout the life of the organism inheriting the marked DNA refers to epigenetic inheritence.

(7)

Genomic imprinting is an example of epigenetics or changes to chromatin or DNA that are inherited that do not affect the DNA sequence.

So, Inheritance patterns that are the result of DNA and chromosomal modifications that occur during oogenesis, spermatogenesis, or early stages of embryogenesis refers to ​​​​​​genomic imprinting.